1.出現(xiàn)口誤
在口頭表達(dá)時(shí),免不了會(huì)出現(xiàn)口誤。這時(shí),及時(shí)地加以解釋和修正將有助于保證交際效果。例如:
What I have seen is most impressive. However, theprinciples can not be called perfect yet—I mean the principles in some of theless important sides.
該句通過(guò)“I mean”縮小了否定的范圍。
1.I mean…
2.That is to say…
3.In other words,…
4.Well, I was saying…
5.To be more exact/accurate,…
6.I’ll put it (in) this way…
2.發(fā)生冷場(chǎng)
考生在回答問(wèn)題或討論問(wèn)題時(shí),因種種原因會(huì)出現(xiàn)一時(shí)語(yǔ)塞或找不到確切的詞語(yǔ)或語(yǔ)句來(lái)表達(dá)自己意思的情況。在這種情況下,為了不影響正常的交際和考官的打分,同時(shí)贏得思考時(shí)間,可采用一些相對(duì)模糊的詞語(yǔ)來(lái)代替。例如:
It’s something like…
It’s a kind of thing to …
這些詞語(yǔ)盡管表述的意思不很精確,但在某些口頭表達(dá)的特定場(chǎng)合卻會(huì)產(chǎn)生理想的效果。另外還可以采用一些“支吾詞語(yǔ)”和“填充詞語(yǔ)”來(lái)避免表達(dá)的中斷。例如可說(shuō):
As you know,…
It goes without saying…
You know…
Well, let me see,…
3.沒(méi)聽(tīng)清問(wèn)題
沒(méi)聽(tīng)清問(wèn)題時(shí)可以請(qǐng)求重復(fù),例如:
1.Excuse me. I can’t quite follow you. Would youplease say it again?
2.Excuse me, could you please repeat what you havejust said?
3.Would you mind repeating your question?
4.I beg your pardon?
或者也可以以反問(wèn)的形式弄清問(wèn)題,這是口語(yǔ)考試中避免直接向考官或其他考生請(qǐng)求重復(fù)的有效辦法之一。這樣做的好處是對(duì)方通常會(huì)對(duì)你所理解的問(wèn)題提出評(píng)論性的意見(jiàn)。如果對(duì)方認(rèn)為你的理解正確,你就可以按照原來(lái)對(duì)問(wèn)題的理解回答問(wèn)題。如果認(rèn)為不準(zhǔn)確,對(duì)方會(huì)把問(wèn)題重復(fù)一下。這時(shí),你便可以利用對(duì)方的重復(fù)、補(bǔ)充、解釋或修正的機(jī)會(huì),來(lái)檢驗(yàn)檢驗(yàn)核實(shí)自己第一次聽(tīng)到的內(nèi)容,同時(shí)爭(zhēng)取時(shí)間迅速組織應(yīng)答。例如可說(shuō):
Could I understand your question like this…?
I think you were asking me about…Am I right?
4.問(wèn)到社會(huì)熱點(diǎn)
很多學(xué)校會(huì)就當(dāng)前發(fā)生的社會(huì)熱點(diǎn)、行政熱點(diǎn)等于考生進(jìn)行討論。所以同學(xué)們要適當(dāng)關(guān)注一下身邊發(fā)生的新聞,不用了解太深入,但至少要知道新聞的大體內(nèi)容,英語(yǔ)老師在復(fù)試時(shí)不會(huì)像政治老師那樣給你設(shè)定一個(gè)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案,但是如果你答不上來(lái),老師會(huì)認(rèn)為你口語(yǔ)表達(dá)不流利,或者覺(jué)得你是個(gè)書呆子。
與筆試不同,口試沒(méi)有什么應(yīng)試技巧,只有一些注意點(diǎn)和關(guān)注點(diǎn)。英語(yǔ)口語(yǔ)的考試,老師關(guān)注的其實(shí)往往是同學(xué)回答得是否流利,也就是說(shuō),同學(xué)們?cè)谟?xùn)練答題時(shí),關(guān)注點(diǎn)從強(qiáng)到弱分布應(yīng)該是:流利—準(zhǔn)確—恰當(dāng)。如何訓(xùn)練呢?三個(gè)字:讀、背、說(shuō)。
5.專業(yè)話題
口語(yǔ)測(cè)試時(shí)老師有可能要求你就本專業(yè)展開(kāi)話題,考查你用英語(yǔ)講解陌生概念的能力。因此熟悉本專業(yè)常用的英語(yǔ)詞匯,適當(dāng)閱讀最新的專業(yè)外文期刊是必要的。對(duì)有可能問(wèn)到并展開(kāi)的專業(yè)話題要有所準(zhǔn)備。同學(xué)們可以事先閱讀一些相關(guān)文章,積累一些專業(yè)上的詞匯。當(dāng)然提問(wèn)的問(wèn)題不可能難度太高,比如經(jīng)管專業(yè),老師可能就會(huì)問(wèn)What is business management?In your opinion, what is the mostimportant element in business management這樣的一些簡(jiǎn)單問(wèn)題。