巧記英語不規(guī)則動詞
英語(English)，屬于印歐語系-日耳曼語族-西日耳曼語支。根據(jù)以英語作為母語的人數(shù)計算，英語是最多國家使用的官方語言，英語也是世界上最廣泛的第二語言，也是歐盟和許多國際組織和英聯(lián)邦國家的官方語言，擁有世界第三位的母語使用者人數(shù)，僅次于漢語和西班牙語母語使用者人數(shù)。
1. 原形、過去式、過去分詞相同：
cost/cut/hit/hurt/let/put/read/shut (細(xì)心的你一定會發(fā)現(xiàn)，這些詞中大多數(shù)是以字母t結(jié)尾的'。)
2. 原形、過去式相同，過去分詞不同：
beat/beat/beaten
3. 原形、過去分詞相同，過去式不同：
come/came/come become/became/become
run/ran/run
注：come，become，屬不規(guī)則變化，但welcome屬規(guī)則動詞，其過去式、過去分詞為：welcomed，welcomed
4. 過去式，過去分詞相同：
(1) 去掉字母組合ee中的一個e
meet/met/met feed/fed/fed
(2) 去掉字母組合ee中的一個e,然后再在詞尾加t
feel/felt/felt sleep/slept/slept
keep/kept/kept sweep/swept/swept
(3) 詞尾為的ll 去掉一個l加t
spell/spelt/spelt smell/smelt/smelt spill/spilt/spilt
(4) 過去式和過去分詞以aught或 ought結(jié)尾
catch/caught/caught teach/taught/taught
bring/brought/brought buy/bought/bought
think/thought/thought
(5) 將stand改為stood
stand/stood/stood understand/understood/understood
(6) 將ay改為aid
lay/laid/laid pay/paid/paid
say/said/said
(7) 將d改為t
lend/lent/lent send/sent/sent
spend/spent/spent
build/built/built
(8) 將i改為a , o, u等
sit/sat/sat spit/spat/spat win/won/won dig/dug/dug
(9) 將ell改為old
tell/told/told sell/sold/sold
(10) 詞尾加t
learn/learnt/learnt mean/meant/meant
dream/dreamt/dreamt spoil/spoilt/spoilt
(11) 有兩種過去式和過去分詞, 一種是不規(guī)則的, 一種是規(guī)則的
learn/learnt/learnt learn/learned/learned
shine/shone/shone shine/shined/shined
hang/hung/hung hang/hanged/hanged
smell/smelt/smelt smell/smelled/smelled
(12) 其它
have(has)/had/had hear/heard/heard
shoot/shot/shot lose/lost/lost
hold/held/held get/got/got(AmE gotten)
find/found/found make/made/made
leave/left/left
5.三者均不同：
(1) 過去式以ew結(jié)尾、過去分詞以own結(jié)尾
blow/blew/blown fly/flew/flown
grow/grew/grown know/knew/known
throw/threw/thrown
l 值得注意的是:
show/showed/shown或showed draw/drew/drawn (2)改i為a變成過去式、改i為u變成過去分詞
begin/began/begun drink/drank/drunk ring/rang/rung sing/sang/sung swim/swam/swum sink/sank/sunk
(3)改i為o變成過去式，過去分詞以n結(jié)尾
drive/drove/driven write/wrote/written
rise/rose/risen ride/rode/ridden
(4) 原形后加n變成過去分詞
drive/drove/driven rise/rose/risen eat/ate/eaten fall/fell/fallen give/gave/given
(5) 過去式后加n變成過去分詞
break/broke/broken choose/chose/chosen
freeze/froze/frozen mistake/mistook/mistaken
steal/stole/stolen speak/spoke/spoken
take/took/taken wake/woke/woken(或woke)
(6)其它
be/was或were/been do/did/done
forget/forgot/forgotten go/went/gone
hide/hid/hidden see/saw/seen
wear/wore/worn
6. 有兩種過去式和過去分詞，但詞義相同。
wake/woke/woken (或woke) wake/waked/waked
sink/sank/sunk sink/sunk/sunken
7.動詞因其過去式、過去分詞有兩種形式而產(chǎn)生不同詞義：
shine、hang的兩種過去式和過去分詞：
shone/shone照耀 shined/shined擦亮
hung/hung懸掛 hanged/hanged絞死
8.兩個既可以做過去式，又可以做動詞原形的詞
lie躺臥lay/lain/lying(現(xiàn)在分詞)
lay放，下蛋l(fā)aid/laid/laying
find 找到、發(fā)現(xiàn)find/found/found
found 創(chuàng)建，成立 found/founded/founded
9.根據(jù)動詞之間的詞義聯(lián)系來記憶
(1)詞義相對：
(A) come/came/come來—— go/went/gone去
(B) give/gave/given給——get/got/got(AmE gotten)獲得
(C) sleep/slept/slept睡覺—— wake/woke/woken (或woke) wake/waked/waked 醒來
(D) rise/rose/risen上升、上漲、升起—— fall/fell/fallen下降、落下、倒下
sink/sank/sunk sink/sunk/sunken 沉下, (使)下沉
(E) buy/bought/bought買—— sell/sold/sold出售, 賣
(F) take/took/taken帶去——bring/brought/brought 帶來
(G) teach/taught/taught教——
learn/learnt/learnt learn/learned/learned 學(xué)習(xí)、學(xué)會
(H) lose/lost/lost丟失、失敗——
find/found/found找到
win/won/won贏得、(獲)勝
(I) stand/stood/stood站、立——sit/sat/sat坐
(J) send/sent/sent 送、寄、發(fā)送——
get/got/got(AmE gotten)獲得、收到
(2)詞義相近：
(A) beat/beat/beaten .打, 打敗
win/won/won贏得、獲勝
(B) understand/understood/understood 懂, 了解
know/knew/known 知道, 了解, 認(rèn)識
(C) get/got/got(AmE gotten)變成、成為、變得
become/became/become 變成, 成為, 變得
go/went/gone變成
turn/turned/turned變成
(D) spend/spent/spent 花費(fèi)、度過
pay/paid/paid 支付、交納
cost/cost/cost花費(fèi)、價值為
take/took/taken花費(fèi)
(E) say/said/said說、講
speak/spoke/spoken說、演講
tell/told/told 告訴、說、吩咐、斷定
talk/talked/talked談話, 講, 談?wù)? 議論
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