考研英語閱讀技巧分析

時間：2022-10-21 21:32:17 考研英語我要投稿

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2017考研英語閱讀技巧分析

　　關于考研英語閱讀技巧，大家是不是覺得有點困難呢?下面小編整理了一些相關技巧，希望對大家有所幫助。

2017考研英語閱讀技巧分析

　　步驟：

　　第一步：快速瀏覽文章，知道大概內容。

　　拿到文章后，我整體快速瀏覽了一遍，知道大概內容是講某種鳥要滅絕了，然后不同立場撕逼的故事。至于這個鳥是什么，有什么特質，撕逼的是哪些人，一概暫時不care，只要題目沒問，那么這些就都不是重要的信息。

　　瀏覽的速度其實取決于你的英語閱讀能力，但是一般而言這一步越快越好，千萬不要被細節(jié)帶走。

　　第二步：審理真題題干找到定位詞，快速做好原文定位。

　　下面進入審理題干步驟，方法是找到定位詞，然后在原文中根據定位詞找到對應題干所在位置。

　　好，下面一起跟我往下看真題題干。

　　Biologists estimate that as many as 2 million lesser prairie chickens---a kind of bird living on stretching grasslands—once lent red to the often gray landscape of the midwestern and southwestern United States. But just some 22,000 birds remain today, (題1答案句)occupying about 16% of the species’ historic range.

　　The crash was a major reason the U.S Fish and Wildlife Service (USFWS)decided to formally list the bird as threatened.(題1定位詞) “The lesser prairie chicken is in a desperate situation,” said USFWS Director Daniel Ashe. Some environmentalists, however, were disappointed. (題2定位詞)They had pushed the agency to designate the bird as “endangered,” a status that gives federal officials greater regulatory power to crack down on threats.(題2答案句) But Ashe and others argued that the“threatened” tag gave the federal government flexibility to try out new, potentially less confrontational conservations approaches. In particular, they called for forging closer collaborations with western state governments, which are often uneasy with federal action and with the private landowners who control an estimated 95% of the prairie chicken’s habitat.

　　Under the plan, for example, the agency said it would not prosecute (題3定位詞)landowner or businesses that unintentionally kill, harm, or disturb the bird, as long as they had signed a range—wide management plan to restore prairie chicken habitat.(題3答案句) Negotiated by USFWS and the states, the plan requires individuals and businesses that damage habitat as part of their operations to pay into a fund to replace every acre destroyed with 2 new acres of suitable habitat. The fund will also be used to compensate landowners who set aside habitat, USFWS also set an interim goal of restoring prairie chicken populations to an annual

　　Wildlife Agencies (WAFWA), a coalition of state agencies, the job of monitoring progress. Overall, the idea is to let “states” remain in the driver’(題4答案句)s seat for managing the species，” Ashe said.(題4定位詞)

　　Not everyone buys the win-win rhetoric Some Congress members are trying to block the plan, and at least a dozen industry groups, four states, and three environmental groups(題5答案句) are challenging it in federal court Not surprisingly, doesn’t go far enough “The federal government is giving responsibility for managing the bird to the same industries that are pushing it to extinction,” says biologist Jay Lininger.(題5定位詞)

　　下面只把題干拎出來，都不用看答案的。題干中用黃色加重的部分就是定位詞，那么根據這些定位詞，就可以去原文中找到對應內容。

　　26. The major reason for listing the lesser prairie as threatened is____

　　27.The “threatened” tag disappointed some environmentalists in that it_____

　　28.It can be learned from Paragraph3 that unintentional harm-doers will not be prosecuted if they_____

　　29.According to Ashe， the leading role in managing the species in______

　　30.Jay Lininger would most likely support_______

　　這里說說定位的一般方法。

　　1.題干中有人名地名，名稱等詞，用名字定位。比如這篇閱讀中的后面兩題。

　　2.題目有時候會告訴你定位點在哪里。比如28題，告訴你在第三段，那就去找第三段再找到定位詞prosecuted(一般找看起來最復雜的詞就好了。)

　　3. 找觀點鮮明的主體詞語，比如第一題中的“threatened”第二題中的“disappointed”，人家問的就是為什么被威脅了，為什么失望了，那么就去原文找到對應內容點。

　　4.一篇500字不到的文章要出五個題目，所對應出題點肯定均勻分布。也就是說一個信息量不可能考兩遍。這是出題規(guī)律，應試考試出題就是講究規(guī)律和套路。

　　第三步，定位好對應內容之后開始做題，做題的方法就是去定位詞周圍找答案。

　　記住，方圓兩句，必有答案，一般是方圓一句，就有答案。

　　去看看我上文標出來的答案句，是不是都是方圓最多兩句就有答案，因為人家文章總共才不到500字，5個題考點還不重復，你說人家能答案能跑多遠?

　　比如，你看第一題的定位詞在第二段第一句，而第二題的定位詞馬上就緊挨著出現了，根據一個信息點不可能考兩遍的原則，第一題的答案肯定在定位詞的前面，第二題的答案肯定在定位詞的后面。

　　所以做題的時候，根本沒必要去搜索很遠，跑看看定位詞的前后兩句就可以找到答案句了。

　　第四步，根據答案據分析選項，選出正確答案。

　　怎么根據答案句選出答案?看懂了就行了，看不懂?那就選一個答案句里意思接近的，或者在簡單粗暴的，出現一樣的單詞的。

　　下面看怎么根據原文中的答案句選出答案。

　　26. The major reason for listing the lesser prairie as threatened is____

　　(答案句子中說，只有，只有2000只了，而一開始說有兩百萬只的，那肯定是數量減少了，所以選A。)

　　[A]its drastically decreased population

　　[B]the underestimate of the grassland acreage

　　[C]a desperate appeal from some biologists

　　[D]the insistence of private landowners

　　27.The “threatened” tag disappointed some environmentalists in that it_____

　　(答案句中都說了federal office regular power, 你選個長一樣的不好么，那就是C了么。)

　　[A]was a give-in to governmental pressure

　　[B]would involve fewer agencies in action

　　[C]granted less federal regulatory power

　　[D]went against conservation policies

　　28.It can be learned from Paragraph3 that unintentional harm-doers will not be prosecuted if they_____

　　(答案中都說了a range wide regular plan,是一系列的規(guī)范計劃，后面那一長串就是介紹這一系列的regular包括什么的，那么答案肯定不是只指后面列到的某一個啊，排除CD，B的信息都沒有出現過，明顯是走錯片場了好么!選A啊。)

　　[A]agree to pay a sum for compensation

　　[B]volunteer to set up an equally big habitat

　　[C]offer to support the WAFWA monitoring job

　　[D]promise to raise funds for USFWS operations

　　29.According to Ashe， the leading role in managing the species in______

　　(答案句子中都說了讓state當司機，那就是state了啊，選D啊，其他人Ashe都沒提到過，簡直是送分題。)

　　[A]the federal government

　　[B]the wildlife agencies

　　[C]the landowners

　　[D]the states

　　30.Jay Lininger would most likely support_______

　　(這個題要選錯也是選錯B，但是你看作者一開始就說了不是人人都買win-win rhetoric的帳了，后面再找個人來說她支持WIN-WIN,那不是打自己的臉么，所以就算你看不懂這個Jay說的那句話是什么意思，用猜的也能選出C啊。)

　　[A]industry groups

　　[B]the win-win rhetoric

　　[C]environmental groups

　　[D]the plan under challenge

　　好，再以相同的步驟，來做一做2016年考研英語(一)中最無恥的第二篇閱讀。

　　為什么我說它無恥，因為這篇文章我在google上搜到的原文是 751個單詞，這篇閱讀材料給砍到了只有 462個單詞!!砍掉了近一半的內容!!難怪我看這篇閱讀的時候，怎么看怎么別扭。

　　文章的原文在這里：

　　https://www.theguardian.com/commentisfree/2014/nov/05/ukip-british-countryside-environment-brownfield

　　看標題就知道這是一篇UK政治評論，是討論各個黨派對英國鄉(xiāng)村政策的。但是，這篇文章硬是把作者大量的評論觀點砍掉了，只盡量保留了客觀信息部分，變成了一篇類似科普文，真的也是醉了。

　　當然，這種案例也不多，絕大部分考研閱讀材料都是找的那種國外網站的短小文章，像這種大刀闊斧地砍的情況并不多。

　　好，我們用上一篇提到的方法來做這一篇。

　　第一步：快速瀏覽文章，知道大概內容。

　　第二步：審理真題題干找到定位詞，快速做好原文定位。

　　第三步，開始做題，根據定位詞去周圍找答案句。

　　第四步，根據答案據分析選項，選出正確答案。

　　好，第一步過后，知道了文章大概就是講英國黨派選舉政策的，重點是對鄉(xiāng)村和城市規(guī)劃建設問題。

　　For the first time in history more people live in towns than in the country. In Britain this has had a curious result. While polls show Britons rate (題1定位詞)“the countryside” alongside the royal family, Shakespeare and the National Health Service (NHS) as what makes them proudest of their country, this has limited political support. (題1答案句)

　　A century ago Octavia Hill launched the National Trust(題2定位詞) not to rescue stylish houses but to save “the beauty of natural places for everyone forever.” It was specifically to provide city dwellers with spaces for leisure where they could experience “a refreshing air.” Hill’s pressures later led to the creation of national parks and green belts. They don’t make countryside any more, and every year concrete consumes more of it. It needs constant guardianship.

　　Paragraph 3(題3定位).At the next election none of the big parties seem likely to endorse this sentiment. The Conservatives’ planning reform explicitly gives rural development priority over conservation, even authorizing“off-plan” building where local people might object. The concept of sustainable development has been defined as profitable. Labour likewise wants to discontinue local planning where councils oppose development. The Liberal Democrats are silent. Only Ukip, sensing its chance,(題3答案句) has sided with those pleading for a more considered approach to using green land. Its Campaign to Protect Rural England struck terror into many local Conservative parties.

　　The sensible place to build new houses, factories and offices is where people are, in cities and towns where infrastructure is in place. The London agents StirlingAckroyd recently identified enough sites for half a million houses in the London area alone, with no intrusion on green belt. What is true of London is even truer of the provinces.

　　The idea that “housing crisis” equals “concreted meadows” is pure lobby talk. The issue is not the need for more houses but, as always, where to put them. Under lobby pressure, George Osborne(題4定位詞) favours rural new-build against urban renovation and renewal. He favours out-of-town shopping sites against high streets. This is not a free market but a biased one. Rural towns and villages have grown and will always grow. They do so best where building sticks to their edges and respects their character. We do not ruin urban conservation areas. Why ruin rural ones?(題4答案句)

　　last paragraph.(題5定位). Development should be planned, not let rip. After the Netherlands, Britain is Europe’s most crowded country. Half a century of town and country planning has enabled it to retain an enviable rural coherence, while still permitting low-density urban living.(題5答案句) There is no doubt of the alternative—the corrupted landscapes of southern Portugal, Spain or Ireland. Avoiding this rather than promoting it should unite the left and right of the political spectrum.

　　26. Britain’s public sentiment about the countryside____

　　(關鍵詞是public statement，公眾觀點，那么對應詞就是polls民意調查。當然，你如果不知道這個詞的意思，也可以定位到第一段，雖然沒那么精準。)

　　27. According to Paragraph 2, the achievements of the National Trust are now being____

　　28. Which of the following can be inferred from Paragraph 3?

　　29. The author holds that George Osborne’s preference____

　　30. In the last paragraph, the author shows his appreciation of____

　　上面有兩道題問到了一整段，那么先放到一邊，這種定位范圍太大的一般需要根據答案的句子用排除法來選出答案。

　　26. Britain’s public sentiment about the countryside____

　　第一題，定位詞的一句話內找到答案，把答案子意思一樣的選項選出來就可以了。

　　[A]didn’tstart till the Shakespearean age.

　　[B]has brought much benefit to the NHS.

　　[C]is fully backed by the royal family.

　　[D]is not well reflected in politics.

　　27. According to Paragraph 2, the achievements of the National Trust are now being____

　　(看到答案句子中的do not...any more 就知道national Trust已經廢了...)

　　[A]gradually destroyed.

　　[B]effectively reinforced.

　　[C]largely overshadowed.

　　[D]properly protected.

　　28. Which of the following can be inferred from Paragraph 3?

　　雖然定位是一整段，但是我們可以看出這一整段討論的是同一個東西，就是不同黨派對countryside的不同政策。看得出只有UKip是唯一關心countryside的這一方，所以選與眾不同的D。

　　[A]Labour is under attack for opposing development.

　　[B]The Conservatives may abandon “off-plan” building.

　　[C]The Liberal Democrats are losing political influence.

　　[D]Ukip may gain from its support for rural conservation.

　　29. The author holds that George Osborne’s preference____

　　(定位到George Osborne這個名字之后，題干問的是作者對這個觀點的看法，明顯只有一句，就是答案句里的有力的吐槽，根據這句作者的吐槽可以選出D)

　　[A]highlights his firm stand against lobby pressure.

　　[B]shows his disregard for the character of rural areas.

　　[C]stresses the necessity of easing the housing crisis.

　　[D]reveals a strong prejudice against urban areas.

　　30. In the last paragraph, the author shows his appreciation of____

　　(根據答案句可以判斷出，作者認為即使UK人口密度很高，但是鄉(xiāng)村和城市的居住平衡保持得很好，作者很滿意。即使看不懂，也可以用定位方法逐個排除前三個答案。AB完全是不相關嘛，C找到句子中，用urban替換了rural，完全搞反了。)

　　[A]the size of population in Britain.

　　[B]the political life in today’s Britain.

　　[C]the enviable urban lifestyle in Britain.

　　[D]the town-and-country planning in Britain.

　　這篇文章我個人認為出得太應試化了，砍掉了一半使得文章原來作者的寫文目的都被模糊掉了，所以加大了理解難度(其實基本上很難理解)。所以在這樣的情況下，去糾結文章到底講了什么，沒有多大的意義，只能考應試方法去對比給出來的原文和答案，多花點時間來對比選擇了。你看，不用看懂全部原文也可以選出答案呢，這就是考研英語的套路所在。

　　再次總結四步法：

　　第一步：快速瀏覽文章，知道大概內容。

　　第二步：審理真題題干找到定位詞，快速做好原文定位。

　　第三步，開始做題，根據定位詞去周圍找答案句。

　　第四步，根據答案據分析選項，選出正確答案。

　　以上方法都是純技巧方法，根本沒有談論到對文章的理解，詞匯的掌握，但是并不是說這個不重要!!!而是，你能看懂多少文章內容才是基礎!!!技巧只能幫你提高效率和正確率，但是看得懂才是基礎啊，如果你題干都看不懂，那所有技巧都是白搭。

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