計(jì)算機(jī)等級(jí)考試：決勝四級(jí)簡(jiǎn)答（1）
The Indo-European family of languages is the world#39;s largest embracing most of the languages of Europe,America,and much of Asia.It includes the two great classical languages of antiquity,Latin and Greek,the Germanic languages such as English,German,Dutch,and Swedish;the Romance languages such as Italian,French,Spanish,and Portuguese;the Celtic languages such as Welsh and Gaelic;the Slavic languagessuch as Russian,Polish,Czech,and Serbo-Croatian;the Baltic languages,Lithuanian and Latvian;the Iranian languages such as Persian and Pashto;the Indic languages such as Sanskrit and Hindi;and other miscellaneous languages such as Albanian and Armenian.In Europe only Basque,Finnish,Estonian,Hungarian,Turkish,and a few languages of Russia are not of this family,the others have apparently all descended from an original parent tongue.?The general consensus is that the original Indo-European civilization developed
somewhere in eastern Europe about 3000 B.C.About 2500 B.C. it broke up;the people left their homeland and migrated in many different directions.Some moved into
Greece,others made their way into Italy,other moved through Central Europe until
they ultimately reached the British Isles.Another division headed northward into Russia,while still another branch crossed Iran and Afghanistan and eventually
reached India.Wherever they settled,the Indo-Europeans appear to have overcome the local inhabitants and imposed their language upon them.One must conclude that
they were a most remarkable people.
The possiblity of so many languages having descended from a common ancestor was
first suggested in 1786,though the similarity of Sanskrit and Italian was noted
as early as the sixteenth century.By 1818 fifty separate languages were established as Indo-European;Albanian was added to the list in 1854 and Armenian in 1875.The total number of Indo-European speakers is about 1,875,000,000 people,approximately half the earth#39;s total population.
Questions:
1. What is the article mainly concerned??
__________________________________.
2.English is related to Germanic languages in the same way as Persian is related to __________________________________.
3. In Europe all languages have apparently descended from an original parent
tongue except __________________________________.
4. When and where is the original Indo-European civilization believed to have developed??
__________________________________.
5. How many separate languages were established as Indo-European in 1875??
__________________________________.
答案部分
短文大意
本文主要介紹了印歐語系的相關(guān)知識(shí)。印歐語系是世界上最大的語系，囊括了歐洲，美洲和亞洲的大部分語種。它包括兩大古典語言，即拉丁語和希臘語，以及日爾曼語系，凱爾特語系等等。原始印歐語文 化在公元前東歐發(fā)展起來。大約在公元前2500年，這種文化瓦解，人們向四處遷移。無論印歐人遷移到哪里，他們都能戰(zhàn)勝當(dāng)?shù)鼐用�，并將自己的語言強(qiáng)加給他們。到1818年，50個(gè)獨(dú)立的語種被確定為印歐語�，F(xiàn)在說印歐語的人數(shù)已達(dá)到18億7千5百萬，幾乎是地球人口的一半。?
1.答案：It#39;s about Indo-European languages.?
【詳細(xì)解答】此題提問文章主要討論的.話題，通讀全文后，不難得出答案。?
2.答案：The Iranian languages.?
【詳細(xì)解答】此題在第一段中便可找到答案。?
3.答案：Basque,Finnish,Estonian,Hungarian,Turkish,and a few languages of Russia.?
【詳細(xì)解答】此題在第一段的結(jié)尾可找到答案。?
4.答案：Somewhere in eastern Europe about 3000 B.C.?
【詳細(xì)解答】此題在第二段開頭便可找到答案。?
5.答案：Fifty?two.?
【詳細(xì)解答】此題可根據(jù)第三段內(nèi)容，經(jīng)過簡(jiǎn)單的推算便可得出答案。
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