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2015中考英語核心知識點
中考就要到來了,中國人才網(wǎng)編者特意為大家整理了2015中考英語核心知識點,希望對你的復習有所幫助哦。祝你考試順利!
1.stop to do sth. 和stop doing sth.
“stop to do sth.” 表示停止做其它事情而去做“to do sth.”所表示的事情,可以將“to do sth.”理解成“stop”的目的狀語:“stop doing sth.”表示不做“doing sth.”所表示的事情。
例如:“Stop talking. Let's begin our class.”said the teacher. 老師說:“別說話了,讓我們開始上課。”
We have kept doing our homework for a long time. Let's stop to listen to music. 我們做家庭作業(yè)很長時間了,讓我們停下來聽聽音樂。
2.have sth. done.(過去分詞)(讓別人)做某事
例如:I had my hair cut yesterday afternoon. 我昨天下午理了發(fā)。
My computer can not work now. I must have it repaired. 我的電腦有故障了,我必須讓人修好它。
3.forget to do sth.和forget doing sth. (remember to do sth. 和remember doing sth.)
“forget to do sth.”表示將來不要忘記做某事,談的是未來的事情:“forget doing sth.”表示忘記過去應該做的事情。
例如:“Don't forget to do your homework.”said the teacher before the class was over.
老師在下課前說:“不要忘記做家庭作業(yè)。”
“I'm sorry. I forgot doing my homework. May I hand it in this afternoon,Mr. Chen?”said Li Ming.
李明說:“對不起,我忘記做家庭作業(yè)了。我今天下午交好嗎,陳老師?”
4. 感官動詞后接不帶to的不定式或者現(xiàn)在分詞的區(qū)別
例如:see sb. do sth.看見某人(經(jīng)常)做某事 和see sb. doing sth.看見某人(正在)做某事
I often see him do exercise in the morning. 我經(jīng)常在早晨看見他鍛煉身體。
When I was walking in the park,I saw him drawing a picture there. 當我在公園散步的時候,我看見他正在那里畫畫。
5. 介詞后面一般接動名詞。同學們要特別注意介詞to和不定式符號to的區(qū)別,例如下面的詞組一定要記清:
prefer doing sth. to doing sth. 喜歡做……不喜歡做……
look forward to doing sth. 期待/盼望做某事
make a contribution to doing sth. 為……做出貢獻
6. 在主動語態(tài)中,感官動詞(see,hear,feel,watch等)和使役動詞(make,have,let等)要求接不帶to的不定式做賓語補足語,而在被動語態(tài)里,不定式要帶上to.
例如:The boss often made the workers work 10 hours a day.
The workers were made to work 10 hours a day.
She was heard to use strong language. 聽說她罵人了。
7.常用的幾個和不定式有關的句型:
Why not do sth?為什么不做某事?
It takes/took sb. some time to do sth. 做某事花了某人多長時間。
It is/was +形容詞+(for sb.)+to do sth. 做某事(對某人來說)怎么樣。
8. 現(xiàn)在分詞和過去分詞做定語的區(qū)別
A. 現(xiàn)在分詞含有正在進行的意思,而過去分詞含有被動或者已經(jīng)完成的意思,如:
a developing country 發(fā)展中國家 a developed country 發(fā)達國家
boiling water 正在沸騰的水(一般情況下水溫為100℃) boiled water 開水(已經(jīng)燒開的水,水溫可以依然很高,也可以是涼白開)
a boy named Jim 一個叫Jim的男孩
B. 有些動詞的現(xiàn)在分詞和過去分詞都具有形容詞特征,但是它們的意思有區(qū)別。它們的-ing形式往往用來說明事物的特征;他們的-ed形式表示被動的意思,用來說明人的情況。
I am interested in this interesting story. 我對這個有趣的故事感興趣。
I am moved at the moving sight. 我被這動人的情景感動了。
They were amazed at the amazing facts. 他們對那些令人驚異的事實感到驚奇。
2015中考英語10個最易出錯的句型
1.Because he was ill yesterday,so he didn't go to work. (×)
Because he was ill yesterday,he didn't go to work. (√)
He was ill yesterday,so he didn't go to work. (√)
[析] 用though,but表示“雖然……,但是……”或用because,so 表示“因為……,所以……”時,though和but 及because和so都只能擇一而用,不能兩者同時使用。
2.The Smiths have moved Beijing. (×)
The Smiths have moved to Beijing. (√)
[析] 不及物動詞后接名詞或代詞作賓語時,要在動詞之后加上適當?shù)慕樵~;但不及物動詞后接home,here,there等副詞作賓語時,動詞之后不必加任何介詞。
3.The box is too heavy for him to carry it. (×)
The box is too heavy for him to carry. (√)
[析] the box既是這句話的主語,也是不定式to carry的邏輯賓語,若句末再加上it,就和the box重復了。
4.Each of the boys have a pen. (×)
Each of the boys has a pen. (√)
[析] 復數(shù)名詞前有表個體的each of,one of,every,either of等詞組修飾,或有表否定的neither of,none of 等詞組修飾時,謂語動詞要用單數(shù)形式。
5.例:那是你心軟!我不就是一個例子嗎?
Neither he nor you is good at English. (×)
Neither he nor you are good at English. (√)
[析] either…… or……,neither…… nor……,not only……,but also……等詞組連接句子的兩個主語時,謂語動詞遵循“就近一致原則”,即由靠近謂語的那個主語決定謂語的人稱和數(shù)用何種形式。
6.Ten minus three are seven. (×)
Ten minus three is seven. (√)
[析] 用英語表示加(plus)、減(minus)等數(shù)學運算時,謂語動詞也用單數(shù)形式。
7.The number of the workers in this factory are about 5,000. (×)
The number of the workers in this factory is about 5,000. (√)
[析] the number of表示“……的數(shù)量”,謂語動詞用單數(shù)形式;a number of 的意思是“若干”或“許多”,相當于some或a lot of,和復數(shù)名詞連用,謂語動詞用復數(shù)形式。
8. 例. Hello! I have important something to tell you. (×)
Hello! I have something important to tell you. (√)
[析] 形容詞或動詞不定式修飾不定代詞作定語時,修飾成分要置于不定代詞之后。
9. His son is enough old to go to school. (×)
His son is old enough to go to school. (√)
[析] enough作形容詞修飾名詞時,可以放在名詞前,也可放在名詞后;作副詞修飾形容詞或副詞時,只能放在形容詞或副詞之后。
10.. Here is your sweater, put away it.(×)
Here is your sweater, put it away. (√)
[析] put away, pick up, put on等“動詞+副詞”構成的詞組后接代詞作賓語時,代詞只能放在動詞和副詞之間。
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