英語連詞用法小結
英語連詞用法歸納
一、概說
連詞是一種虛詞,用于連接單詞、短語、從句或句子,在句子中不單獨用作句子成分。連詞按其性質可分為并列連詞和從屬連詞。并列連詞用于連接并列的單詞、短語、從句或句子,如and, but, or, for等;從屬連詞主要引出名詞性從句(主語從句、賓語從句、表語從句等)和狀語從句(時間狀語從句、條件狀語從句、目的狀語從句等),引出名詞性從句的連詞如that, whether等,引出狀語從句的連詞如when, because, since, if 等。
二、并列連詞的用法
1. 表示轉折關系的并列連詞。這類連詞主要有 but, yet 等。如:
Someone borrowed my pen, but I don’t remember who. 有人借了我的鋼筆,但我不記得是誰了。
He said he was our friend, yet he wouldn’t help us. 他說他是我們的朋友,但卻不肯幫助我們。
2. 表示因果關系的并列連詞。這類連詞主要有 for, so 等。如:
The child had a bad cough, so his mother took him to the doctor. 這孩子咳得很利害,所以他媽媽帶他去看醫(yī)生。
You are supposed to get rid of carelessness, for it often leads to serious errors. 你們一定要克服粗枝大葉,因為粗枝大葉常常引起嚴重的錯誤。
注意:for表示結果通常不能放句首,也不能單獨使用。
3. 表示并列關系的.并列連詞。這類連詞主要有 and , or , either…or , neither…nor , not only…but (also) , both…and , as well as 等。如:
He didn’t go and she didn’t go either. 他沒去,她也沒去。
The weather is mild today; it is neither hot nor cold. 今天天氣很溫暖,不冷也不熱。
Both New York and London have traffic problems. 紐約和倫敦都存在交通問題。
It is important for you as well as for me. 這對你和對我都很重要。
People who are either under age or over age may not join the army. 年齡不到或者超齡的人都不得參軍。
三、從屬連詞的用法
1. 引導時間狀語從句的從屬連詞
(1) 表示“當…時候”或“每當”的時間連詞。主要的 when, while, as, whenever。如:
Don’t talk while you’re eating. 吃飯時不要說話。
Vegetables are best when they are fresh. 蔬菜新鮮時最好吃。
He came just as I was leaving. 我正要走時他來了。
(2) 表示“在…之前(或之后)”的時間連詞。主要的有before, after。如:
Try to finish your work before you leave. 離開前設法把工作做完。
After we have finished tea, we will sit on the grass. 喝完茶之后我們將坐在草地上。
(3) 表示“自從”或“直到”的時間連詞。主要的有since, until, till。如:
She’s been playing tennis since she was eight. 她從八歲起就打網球了。
Hold on until I fetch help. 堅持一下,等我找人來幫忙。
Never trouble trouble till trouble troubles you. (諺)不要無事惹事。(from www.hxen.com)
(4) 表示“一…就”的時間連詞。主要的有as soon as, the moment, the minute, the second, the instant, immediately, directly, instantly, once, no sooner…than, hardly…when等。如:
I’ll let you know as soon as I hear from her. 我一接她的信就通知你。
The moment I have finished I’ll give you a call. 我一干完就給你打電話。
I came immediately I heard the news. 我一聽到這個消息,馬上就來了。
Once you begin you must continue. 你一旦開始, 便不可停下來。
(5) 表示“上次”、“下次”、“每次”等的時間連詞。主要的有every time(每次),each time(每次),(the) next time(下次),any time(隨時),(the) last time(上次),the first time(第一次)。如:
I’ll tell him about it (the) next time I see him. 我下一次見到他時,我就把這個情況告訴他。
We lose a few skin cells every time we wash our hands. 每當我們洗手的時候,我們都要損失一些皮膚細胞。
You can call me any time you want to. 你隨時都可以給我打電話。
注意:every time, each time, any time前不用冠詞
(the) next time, (the) last time中的冠詞可以省略
而the first time中的冠詞通常不能省略
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