初二英語(yǔ)賓語(yǔ)從句
用一個(gè)句子充當(dāng)賓語(yǔ)的叫賓語(yǔ)從句。賓語(yǔ)從句在復(fù)合句中作主句的賓語(yǔ)。下面是小編收集整理的賓語(yǔ)從句知識(shí)點(diǎn)，歡迎閱讀。
1.由that引導(dǎo)，由于that沒(méi)有任何意義，也不充當(dāng)任何句子成分。因此that在非正式文體中可以省略。這類(lèi)賓語(yǔ)從句通常表達(dá)一種陳述意義。
e.g.He told me (that) he would go to Wuhan.
Tom says (that) he must study hard.
She told me (that) she was a student.
(1)如果由and連接兩個(gè)并列的賓語(yǔ)從句時(shí)，第二個(gè)that則不能省略。
e.g.She said she liked English very much and that she didn’t like math at all.
(2)常接that引導(dǎo)的賓語(yǔ)從句的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞有：believe, expect, explain, feel, hear, hope, imagine, prefer, promise, report, say, see, tell, think, understand, warn, wish等。
2.由連接代詞或連接副詞who, whose, what, which, when, where, how, why引導(dǎo)，含有“誰(shuí)、什么、哪個(gè)、什么時(shí)候、什么地方、怎樣、為什么”等特殊疑問(wèn)意義。
e.g.Do you know who they’re talking about?
Can you tell me what they’re looking for?
I don’t know where she has gone.
I wonder how she can find us.
She didn’t tell me where her hometown was.
3.由從屬連詞whether和if引導(dǎo)，含有“是否，能否，對(duì)否，有否”等一般疑問(wèn)意義。
e.g.She asked me if I could help her.
Jim wanted to know whether I had taken his English book.
Please tell me whether you can come or not.
在這類(lèi)賓語(yǔ)從句中要注意兩點(diǎn)：
(1)if引導(dǎo)賓語(yǔ)從句和狀語(yǔ)從句的區(qū)別
if引導(dǎo)賓語(yǔ)從句時(shí)意為“是否”，從句中該用什么時(shí)態(tài)就應(yīng)用什么時(shí)態(tài)。
if引導(dǎo)條件狀語(yǔ)從句時(shí)意為“假如”，從句中應(yīng)用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)代替一般將來(lái)時(shí)。
e.g.She wanted to know if you were a teacher.
I don’t know if the letter is yours.
They’ll go boating if it is fine tomorrow.
I’ll give it to her if she comes next week.
(2)if引導(dǎo)賓語(yǔ)從句時(shí)多數(shù)情況下可以與whether互換，但如果要突出“究竟是……還是不……”這層意思時(shí)，通常用whether，并在后面的加上“or not”，即一般要選擇whether構(gòu)成whether…or not的結(jié)構(gòu)。
e.g.Please find out whether the money is his or not.
Let me know whether you can come or not.
I want to know whether you can help me or not.
注意：
1.賓語(yǔ)從句的語(yǔ)序問(wèn)題
以上介紹了三種賓語(yǔ)從句，同學(xué)們一定要注意，在疑問(wèn)詞或if/whether引導(dǎo)的賓語(yǔ)從句中，一定要用陳述句語(yǔ)序。
e.g.She asked how old I was.
We don’t know where her office is.
My teacher wanted to know if I like English.
2.賓語(yǔ)從句的時(shí)態(tài)問(wèn)題
一般情況下賓語(yǔ)從句的時(shí)態(tài)必須和主句的.時(shí)態(tài)保持一致：
當(dāng)主句的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞是一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)時(shí)，賓語(yǔ)從句中的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞不受時(shí)態(tài)限制。
e.g.She says that she is a student.
She says that she was a student two years ago.
She says that she will be a college student soon.
She says that she has been a college student for 3 years.
當(dāng)主句的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞是過(guò)去時(shí)時(shí)，賓語(yǔ)從句中只能用過(guò)去的某種時(shí)態(tài)。
e.g.He told me that he would leave soon.
He said that he was watching TV.
He didn’t tell me whether he had finished this homework.
但如果賓語(yǔ)從句中講述的客觀(guān)事實(shí)、一般真理或自然現(xiàn)象時(shí)，則不受它限制。
e.g.My teacher told us that Yangtze River is the longest river in our country.
Father said (that) the sun always rises in the east.
拓展閱讀：賓語(yǔ)從句練習(xí)題
( ) 1. It’s so dark. I can’t find out it’s a boy a girl.
A. if, and B. that, and C. either, or D. whether, or
( ) 2. Could you tell me if he to Shanghai?
A. has gone B. had gone C. went D. go
( ) 3. He told me she would catch the early bus.
A. which B. whether C. why D. that
( ) 4. Mrs. Green asked me I would go with her.
A. what B. which C. why D. that
( ) 5. I don’t know the coat cheap enough.
A. if, is B. where, were C. that, was D. if, were
( ) 6. Can you tell me why yesterday?
A. you didn’t come B. did you not come
C. didn’t you come D. you don’t come
( ) 7. He said that they Yunnan.
A. have been to B. had gone to
C. have gone to D. has gone to
( ) 8. Jack isn’t sure students there are in his class.
A. how many B. what C. which D. whether
( ) 9. Can you tell me yesterday?
A. what they do B. what they did
C. what do they do D. what did they do
) 10. I want to know his homework yesterday evening.
A. if he finished B. whether he had finished
C. had she finished D. has she finished
答案1. D 2. A 3. D 4. C 5. A 6. A 7. B 8. A 9. B 10. A
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