高中英語語法it的用法

　　高中階段的英語學(xué)習(xí)，其實(shí)就是學(xué)語法、記單詞和研究并熟練題型。其中，語法是大多數(shù)同學(xué)最頭疼的問題，原因在于其內(nèi)容之繁雜和零散，下面是小編收集整理的高中英語語法it的用法，供大家參考借鑒，希望可以幫助到有需要的朋友。

　　It用法及其句型和固定搭配，是高中英語語法的重點(diǎn)、難點(diǎn)，又是高考英語的熱點(diǎn)，因此應(yīng)給予充分的重視，現(xiàn)將it用法歸納如下：

　　一、作人稱代詞

　　1、it代替前面(或后面)的單數(shù)名詞或分句等所表示的事物。

　　e.g. You cannot eat your cake but have it.(it代替前面的cake)Although we cannot see it, there is air all around us. (it代替后面的air)They say he has left town, but I don’t believe it. (it代替前面They…town分句中的情況)

　　2、代替有生命但不能或不必分陰陽性的東西(包括嬰兒)。

　　e.g. Yesterday we saw a big tree. It was fully twenty metres high. (it代替前面的tree)The baby cried because it was hungry. (it代替前面的baby)

　　3、在某些習(xí)慣說法中，可以代替人。

　　e.g. -- Someone is knocking at the door, Peter. -- Who is it? -- It’s me.

　　-- Who are singing? -- It is the children.

　　-- The light is still on in the lab. It must be the third-year students doing the experiment.

　　4、it與one的區(qū)別：這兩個(gè)詞都可以代表前面說過的名詞，但it用于同名同物的場合;one則用于同名異物的場合。

　　e.g. -- Do you still have the bicycle? -- No, I have sold it.

　　-- Is this knife yours? -- No. It is Xiao Zhang’s. Mine is the one on the desk.

　　5、it與that的區(qū)別：兩詞都可代替某一特定名詞，但that指同一類，并非同一個(gè)。

　　e.g. The climate of South China is mild(溫和的); I like it very much.(it指the climate of South China)The climate of South China is much better than that of Japan.(that指the climate)

　　二、作無人稱代詞it作無人稱代詞時(shí)，除了句中找不到它所代表的詞語外，另一個(gè)特點(diǎn)是它后面的內(nèi)容都是表示天氣、時(shí)間、距離、度量衡及情況等。

　　It is fine (rainy, windy, etc.).

　　It is noon.

　　It is a half hour’s walk to the factory.

　　It is eighteen square metres in area.

　　What does it matter?

　　三、作強(qiáng)調(diào)詞，構(gòu)成強(qiáng)調(diào)結(jié)構(gòu)用以幫助改變句子結(jié)構(gòu)，使句子的某一成分受到強(qiáng)調(diào)。

　　“It is (was) + 所強(qiáng)調(diào)的成分+ that (who) + 其它成分。”在這個(gè)句型中，it本身沒有詞義。在使用強(qiáng)調(diào)句型時(shí)需注意以下幾點(diǎn)：

　　1. 請(qǐng)注意強(qiáng)調(diào)句型的特殊疑問句例When was it that he changed his mind to take part in the activity?

　　2. 在強(qiáng)調(diào)原因狀語從句時(shí)，只能強(qiáng)調(diào)由because所引導(dǎo)的從句例It was because he was ill that he didnt come to school yesterday.

　　3. 在強(qiáng)調(diào)not … until結(jié)構(gòu)時(shí)必須把not與until一起放到被強(qiáng)調(diào)的位置上例It was not until she took off her dark glasses that I realized she was my brother.

　　4. 注意強(qiáng)調(diào)句型與定語從句的區(qū)別例It was at 7 oclock that he came here yesterday.( 強(qiáng)調(diào)句型)It was 7 oclock when he came here yesterday.(定語從句)四、It用作形式主語It替代作主語的從句、動(dòng)詞不定式、動(dòng)名詞，而把真正作主語的從句、動(dòng)詞不定式、動(dòng)名詞置于句尾

　　四、強(qiáng)調(diào)句

　�。ㄒ唬�強(qiáng)調(diào)句句型

　　1、陳述句的強(qiáng)調(diào)句型：It is/ was +被強(qiáng)調(diào)部分（通常是主語、賓語或狀語）+ that/ who（當(dāng)強(qiáng)調(diào)主語且主語指人）+ 其它部分。e.g. It wasyesterdaythat he met Li Ping.

　　2、一般疑問句的強(qiáng)調(diào)句型：同上，只是把is/ was提到it前面。e.g. Was ityesterdaythat he met Li Ping?

　　3、特殊疑問句的強(qiáng)調(diào)句型：被強(qiáng)調(diào)部分（通常是疑問代詞或疑問副詞）+ is/ was + it + that/ who +其它部分？e.g.When and wherewas it that you were born?

　　4、強(qiáng)調(diào)句例句：針對(duì)I met Li Ming at the railway station yesterday.句子進(jìn)行強(qiáng)調(diào)。強(qiáng)調(diào)主語：It was I that (who) met Li Ming at the railway station yesterday.強(qiáng)調(diào)賓語：It was Li Ming that I met at the railway station yesterday.強(qiáng)調(diào)地點(diǎn)狀語：It was at the railway station that I met Li Ming yesterday.強(qiáng)調(diào)時(shí)間狀語：It was yesterday that I met Li Ming at the railway station.

　　5、注意：構(gòu)成強(qiáng)調(diào)句的it本身沒有詞義；強(qiáng)調(diào)句中的連接詞一般只用that, who，即使在強(qiáng)調(diào)時(shí)間狀語和地點(diǎn)狀語時(shí)也如此，that, who不可省略；強(qiáng)調(diào)句中的時(shí)態(tài)只用兩種，一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)和一般過去時(shí)。原句謂語動(dòng)詞是一般過去時(shí)、過去完成時(shí)和過去進(jìn)行時(shí)，用It was …，其余的時(shí)態(tài)用It is …。

　�。ǘ�）not … until …句型的強(qiáng)調(diào)句

　　1、句型為：It is/ was not until +被強(qiáng)調(diào)部分+ that +其它部分e.g. 普通句：He didn’t go to bed until/ till his wife came back.強(qiáng)調(diào)句：It was not until his wife came back that he went to bed.

　　2、注意：此句型只用until，不用till。但如果不是強(qiáng)調(diào)句型，till, until可通用；因?yàn)榫湫椭蠭t is/ was not …已經(jīng)是否定句了，that后面的從句要用肯定句，切勿再用否定句了。

　�。ㄈ�）謂語動(dòng)詞的強(qiáng)調(diào)

　　1、It is/ was … that …結(jié)構(gòu)不能強(qiáng)調(diào)謂語，如果需要強(qiáng)調(diào)謂語時(shí)，用助動(dòng)詞do/ does或did。e.g. Do sit down. 務(wù)必請(qǐng)坐。He did write to you last week. 上周他確實(shí)給你寫了信。Do be careful when you cross the street. 過馬路時(shí)，務(wù)必（千萬）要小心��！

　　2、注意：此種強(qiáng)調(diào)只用do/ does和did ，沒有別的形式；過去時(shí)用did ，后面的謂語動(dòng)詞用原形。

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