有關(guān)裝運(yùn)的商務(wù)英語(yǔ)
Brief Introduction
在對(duì)外貿(mào)易中，按時(shí)裝運(yùn)進(jìn)出口貨物，及時(shí)將貨物從廠方運(yùn)至目的地，對(duì)完成進(jìn)出口交易、滿足市場(chǎng)需要、減少貨物積壓和提高商品的競(jìng)爭(zhēng)能力，都起著積極重要的作用。 特別是對(duì)某些鮮活商品或季節(jié)性商品的運(yùn)輸，更要搶時(shí)間、爭(zhēng)速度，及時(shí)完成運(yùn)輸任務(wù)，以免造成經(jīng)濟(jì)上的損失和信譽(yù)上的不良影響。如果裝卸不及時(shí)，運(yùn)輸拖延，到貨慢，就會(huì)影響商品的銷路，甚至失去市場(chǎng)。
交貨是指賣方按照同買方約定的時(shí)間、地點(diǎn)和運(yùn)輸方式將合同規(guī)定的貨物交付給買方或其代理人。裝運(yùn)一般是指將貨物裝上運(yùn)輸工具，它與交貨是兩個(gè)不同的概念。但是，在國(guó)際商務(wù)中，由于采用F.O.B、
C.F.R 和 C.I.F 三種價(jià)格術(shù)語(yǔ)，賣方只要根據(jù)合同的有關(guān)規(guī)定將貨物裝上船，取得提單，就算交貨。提單簽發(fā)日期亦即為交貨日。因此，裝運(yùn)一詞常被用來(lái)代替交貨的概念。 這種憑單交貨被稱為象征性交貨。（實(shí)際交貨是指貨物運(yùn)抵目的地，因而，裝運(yùn)時(shí)間與交貨時(shí)間是并不一致的。）憑單交貨時(shí)，裝運(yùn)期和交貨期是一致的。在買賣合同中，合理地規(guī)定裝運(yùn)期（交貨期）是很重要的。裝運(yùn)期（交貨期）可分為三種：定期裝運(yùn)、近期裝運(yùn)和不定期裝運(yùn)。
Basic Expressions
1. How long does it usually take you to make a delivery?
通常你方需要多長(zhǎng)時(shí)間交貨？
2. As a rule, we deliver all our orders within three months after
receipt of the covering L/C.
一般說來(lái)，我們?cè)谑盏接嘘P(guān)的信用證后三個(gè)月內(nèi)可交貨。
3. Could you possibly advance shipment further more?
你方能不能再提前一點(diǎn)交貨？
4. I hope that the goods can be shipped promptly after you get our L/C.
我希望你們能在收到我方信用證后馬上裝運(yùn)。
5. Shipment should be made before October，otherwise we are not able to catch the season.
十月底前必須交貨，否則就趕不上季節(jié)了。
6. The earliest shipment we can make is early March.
三月初是我們能夠做到的最早交貨日期。
7. I’m sorry，we can’t advance the time of shipment.
很抱歉，我們不能提前交貨。
8. The order is so urgently required that we must ask you to expedite shipment.
我方迫切需要這次訂貨，故請(qǐng)貴方加快裝運(yùn)。
9. We are confident of being able to ship the goods to you by the end of next month.
我們相信能在下月底前將貨物裝運(yùn)給你們。
10. The goods ordered are all in stock and we assure you that the first steamer will make the shipment available in November.
貴公司訂購(gòu)的貨物我方均有現(xiàn)貨，可保證在十一月份將貨物裝上第 一條便船。
11. Please see to it that the goods are shipped per PEACE sailing on or about October 15th.
請(qǐng)確保貨物由十月十五日左右啟航的“和平輪”裝運(yùn)。
12. Shipment by the middle of October will be too late for us.
十月中旬交貨太晚了。
13. We’ll try our best to advance shipment to September.
我們會(huì)盡最大努力將交貨期提前到九月。
14. When is the earliest possible date you can ship the goods?
你們最早什么時(shí)候可以裝運(yùn)？
15. I wonder whether you can make shipment in September.
我想知道你們能否在九月份裝運(yùn)。
16. How long will the delivery take from here to Canada by sea freight?
從這里到加拿大海運(yùn)需多長(zhǎng)時(shí)間？
17. I don’t think I can promise you any January shipments.
我不能保證一月份發(fā)貨。
18. Please be informed that the shipment of the cargo (your purchase order No. 123) was sent yesterday, airway bill No.123.
特此通知這批貨物（你方訂單號(hào)碼是No.123）昨天已裝運(yùn)，航 空貨物的領(lǐng)取號(hào)碼是No.123。
19. In case you do not receive the goods on or before December 12, please let us know.
萬(wàn)一你方?jīng)]有在12月12日或之前收到貨物，請(qǐng)告知我方。
20. We will do all we can to fill your order so that the goods will be shipped before October 15.
我方將盡全力履行此訂單，將于10月15日前安排這些貨物裝船。
Conversations
Dialogue 1
A: Now we have settled the terms of payment. Is it possible to effect shipment during September?
B: I don’t think we can.
A: Then when is the earliest we can expect shipment?
B: By the middle of October, I think.
A: That’s too late. You see, November is the season for this commodity in our market, and our Customs formalities are rather compli- cated.
B: I understand.
A: Besides, the flow through the marketing channels and the red tape involved take at least a couple of weeks. Thus, after ship- ment it will be four to five weeks altogether before the goods can reach our retailers. The goods must therefore be shipped
before October;otherwise we won’t be in time for the selling season.
-- 現(xiàn)在我們已經(jīng)談妥了付款條件，你方是否能夠在九月份裝船?
-- 我看不行。
-- 那么最早什么時(shí)候可以裝船呢?
-- 恐怕要在十月中旬。
-- 那太遲了。你知道，在我方市場(chǎng)上，十一月份是這種商品的上 市季節(jié)，而我們的海關(guān)手續(xù)又相當(dāng)復(fù)雜。
-- 我明白。
-- 另外，通過銷售渠道以及繁瑣的`公文程序，起碼要花上幾個(gè)星 期。這樣從裝船后到我們的零售商收到貨物，總共要用四、五 個(gè)星期。因此，十月份前貨物必須裝船，否則我們就趕不上銷 售季節(jié)了。
B: But our factories are fully committed for the third quarter. In fact, many of our clients are placing orders for delivery in the fourth quarter.
A: Mr. Brown, you certainly realize that the time of delivery is a mat- ter of great importance to us. If we place our goods on the market at a time when all other importers have already sold their goods at profitable prices, we shall lose out.
B: I see your point. However, we have done more business this year than any of the previous years. I am very sorry to say that we cannot advance the time of delivery.
A: That’s too bad, but I sincerely hope you will give our request your special consideration.
B: You may take it from me that the last thing we want to do is to disappoint an old customer like you. But the fact remains that our manufacturers have a heavy backlog on their hands.
A: But can’t you find some way to get round your producers for an earlier delivery? Make a special effort, please. A timely delivery means a lot to us.
B: All right. We’ll get in touch with our producers and see what they have to say.
-- 但是我們工廠第三季度的生產(chǎn)任務(wù)已全部排滿了。事實(shí)上，我們很 多客戶在訂第四季度交的貨呢。
-- 布朗先生，你知道的，交貨時(shí)間對(duì)我們來(lái)說很重要。如果在我 們把商品投放到市場(chǎng)上去的時(shí)候，別的進(jìn)口商已經(jīng)把商品脫手 賺錢了，那我們就虧了。
-- 這點(diǎn)我明白。但是今年我們做的貿(mào)易比以往哪一年都要大。很 遺憾不能提前交貨。
-- 那糟了，但我真心希望你們對(duì)我們的要求給予特殊的考慮。
-- 我可以向你保證，我們最不愿做那些讓像你們這樣的老客戶失 望的事，但是我們的廠家眼前的交貨壓得很重，這是事實(shí)。
-- 你不能想些辦法說服廠家提前一些時(shí)間交貨嗎? 請(qǐng)你特別加把 勁。及時(shí)交貨對(duì)我們關(guān)系可大啦！
-- 好吧。我們和廠家聯(lián)系一下，聽聽他們的意見。
Dialogue 2
A: It has just occurred to me that there is still another possibil- ity to ensure a prompt delivery of the goods.
B: And that is?
A: How about making Hong Kong the port of shipment instead of New York?
B: I’m afraid we can’t agree to that. We concluded the business with you here in Houston, and the goods you ordered are manufactured in New York. We wish to point out that all orders accepted by us are shipped from New York or Seattle. Hong Kong is out of the question.
A: It’s like this. There are only one or two ships sailing a month from New York to Osaka, while sailings from Hong Kong are quite frequent. If shipment were effected from Hong Kong, we could receive the goods much earlier.
-- 我剛想起來(lái)了，還有一種可能性確保即期交貨。
-- 什么可能性？
-- 把交貨港從紐約改為香港怎么樣？
-- 那個(gè)我們恐怕不能同意。我們是在休斯頓達(dá)成交易的，而你所 訂貨物在紐約生產(chǎn)。我們要指出的是，我們接受的所有訂貨是 從紐約或西雅圖發(fā)貨的。香港不行。
-- 原因是這樣的：從紐約到大阪每個(gè)月只有一二個(gè)航班，而從香 港到大阪的船卻相當(dāng)頻繁。如果在香港交貨，我們收到貨物的 時(shí)間就會(huì)早很多。
B: I see. You want to have your goods shipped from New York to Osaka via Hong Kong, where they can be transshipped. Is that the idea?
A: Yes, exactly, because I want these goods on our market at the earliest possible date.
B: Your idea may be a good one, but the trouble is that there are risks of pilferage or damage to the goods during transshipment at Hong Kong. How about shipping them from Seattle instead of NewYork? You may choose either one as port of shipment. It makes no difference to us. There are more sailings from Seattle than from New York.
A: It sounds all right to me, but I will have to think about it. I’ll give you a definite answer tomorrow. If I choose Seattle, will it be possible for you to ship the goods by the end of March?
B: We’ll try our best. Anyway, we assure you that shipment will be made not later than the first half of April.
-- 原來(lái)是這樣。你想經(jīng)由香港中轉(zhuǎn)把貨從紐約運(yùn)到大阪，是不是？
-- 對(duì)，就是這樣，因?yàn)槲覀兿氚焉唐繁M可能早地投放市場(chǎng)。
-- 這個(gè)想法倒不錯(cuò)。不過問題是，在香港轉(zhuǎn)船期間，貨物有被偷竊和 損壞的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)。交貨港由紐約改為西雅圖怎么樣?你可以隨便選擇一 個(gè)裝運(yùn)港。對(duì)我們來(lái)說都一樣。從西雅圖啟航的船只比紐約多。
-- 我是覺得不錯(cuò)，但我得想一想，明天給你答復(fù)。如果我選擇西雅 圖，你們能在三月底前交貨嗎？
-- 我們盡力而為吧！不管怎樣，請(qǐng)你放心，交貨不會(huì)遲于四月上旬。
Dialogue 3
A: Could you do something to advance your time of shipment?
B: Well, our manufacturers are fully committed at the moment. I’m afraid it’s very difficult to improve any further on the time.
A: I hope you’ll try to convince them to step up production.
B: We check their production schedule against our orders almost every day. As new orders keep coming in, they are working three shifts to step up production. I’m sorry, but we simply can
BUSINESS ENGLISH 300
not commit ourselves beyond what the production schedule can fulfill.
A: Well, in that case, there is nothing more to be said. What’s your last word as to the date then?
B: I said by the middle of October. This is the best we can promise.
A: All right. I’ll take you at your word. May I suggest that you put down in the contract shipment on October 15th or earlier? Our letter of credit will be opened early September.
B: Good. Let’s call it a deal. We’ll do our best to advance the ship- ment to September. The chances are that some of the other orders may be cancelled. But of course you cannot count on that. In any case, we’ll let you know by email.
-- 你們能否想些辦法提前交貨？
-- 但我們的廠家眼前都很忙，要再提前恐怕很難。
-- 希望你們能設(shè)法說服他們加速生產(chǎn)。
-- 我們幾乎每天核對(duì)他們的生產(chǎn)進(jìn)度以跟進(jìn)訂單。由于接連不斷地 收到新訂單，他們現(xiàn)在一天三班工作來(lái)加快生產(chǎn)。很抱歉，我們 承擔(dān)的任務(wù)實(shí)在不能超出生產(chǎn)計(jì)劃所能完成的限額。
-- 如果是這樣，多說也無(wú)益。那么你能不能最后確定一下什么時(shí)候 能交貨呢？
-- 要到十月中旬，這是我們能夠答應(yīng)的最縟掌凇?
-- 好吧，那就以你的話為準(zhǔn)了。我建議你在合同里寫上“十月十五 日或之前交貨”行嗎？我們?cè)诰旁鲁蹰_立信用證。
-- 好！就這樣決定吧！我們盡力把交貨期提前到九月份。有可能取 消其他一些訂單，不過當(dāng)然還不確定。不管怎樣，我們會(huì)發(fā)電子 郵件告知你的。
A: That’s very considerate of you. And now, shall we discuss the insurance terms?
B: We generally insure W.P. (W.P.A) on a C.I.F. offer. Special risks, such as TPND (Theft, Pilferage and Non-delivery), leakage, breakage, oil, freshwater, etc. can also be covered upon request.
A: I suppose the additional premium for the special coverage is for the buyer’s account.
B: Quite right. According to the usual practice in international trade, special risks are not covered unless the buyer asks for them.
A: Then what about SRCC (Strikes, Riots and Civil Commotions)? Can we request you to cover this for our imports?
B: Yes, we accept it now, after it has been suspended for many years. However, if you want to have it covered for your imports at your end, you may arrange the insurance as you like.
A: Then please cover W.P.A. and TPND for this transaction.
B: All right, I’ll adjust the price accordingly.
-- 你想得真周到�，F(xiàn)在我們談?wù)劚ｋU(xiǎn)條款好嗎？
-- 一般來(lái)講，我們?cè)诘桨秲r(jià)里投保了水漬險(xiǎn)。特殊險(xiǎn)如偷竊險(xiǎn)、提貨 不著險(xiǎn)、漏損險(xiǎn)、破損險(xiǎn)、油污險(xiǎn)、淡水險(xiǎn)等等也可以根據(jù)客戶要 求投保。
-- 我想投保特殊險(xiǎn)別所需附加的保險(xiǎn)費(fèi)由買方負(fù)擔(dān)吧。
-- 正是，根據(jù)國(guó)際貿(mào)易中的慣例，只有買方要求時(shí)才保特殊險(xiǎn)。
-- 那么關(guān)于罷工、暴動(dòng)、平民動(dòng)亂險(xiǎn)呢？能不能請(qǐng)你方為我們的進(jìn)口 貨保這種險(xiǎn)呢？
-- 我們現(xiàn)在可以受理了，很多年來(lái)我們停辦了這項(xiàng)業(yè)務(wù)。但是如果你 方想要為你們的進(jìn)口貨物投保這種險(xiǎn)的話，你們可以自行安排。
-- 那么，請(qǐng)為這批貨物保水漬險(xiǎn)和偷竊、提貨不著險(xiǎn)。
-- 好，我會(huì)相應(yīng)地把價(jià)格調(diào)整一下。
Words and Expressions
customs [5kQstEmz] 海關(guān)；關(guān)稅
formality [ fC:5mAliti ] 正式手續(xù)
retailer [ ri:5teilE ] 零售店，零售商
season [ 5si:zn ] 季節(jié)，旺季
backlog [5bAklR^] 待辦事項(xiàng)
production schedule 生產(chǎn)進(jìn)度表
insure [ in5FuE ] 為……投保
special risk 特種險(xiǎn)
leakage [ 5li:kidV ] 漏損（險(xiǎn)）
breakage [ 5breikidV ] 破損（險(xiǎn)）
freshwater [5freFwC:tE(r)] 淡水（險(xiǎn)）
coverage [ 5kQvEridV ] (保險(xiǎn)合同所列的)險(xiǎn)別
Osaka [ Eu5sB:kE ] 大阪（日本地名）
tranship [ trAn5Fip ] 轉(zhuǎn)運(yùn)，換船
pilferage[ 5pilfEridV ] (小量地)偷
Notes
1. to effect shipment = to make shipment 裝運(yùn)
effect 實(shí)現(xiàn) e.g. to effect payment 支付
2. the season for this commodity 這個(gè)商品的銷售季節(jié)
3. red tape 繁瑣的官方手續(xù)
4. place our goods on the market 銷售商品 ( push the sale of our goods)
5. lose out 輸?shù)簦澅?/p>
6. You may take it from me. 我可以向你保證。
7. the last thing we want to do 我們最不想做的事是……
8. convince your producers for an earlier delivery
說服你們的生產(chǎn)商早日交貨
9. to step up production 加快生產(chǎn)
10. cannot commit ourselves to... 我們不能保證
11. Let’s call it a deal. (口)這筆交易就敲定吧（拍板）
12. the chances are…… 可能……（probably）
13. You cannot count on that. 你不要指望那個(gè)
14. TPND( Theft, Pilferage and Non-delivery) 偷竊提款不著險(xiǎn)
15. for the buyer’s account 由買方負(fù)擔(dān)費(fèi)用
16. at your end/on your side 在你方
17. Via Hong Kong 途經(jīng)香港
A Specimen Letter
Dear sir：
Your letter of the 5th March came to hand yesterday.
Accordingly, we have lost no time in getting in touch with our factories and urged them to hasten their delivery. Owing to heavy commitments, they cannot advance delivery from June to April but they understand perfectly that July is the selling season for shirts in your market. They eventually agree to make delivery in mid-May.
We have booked the shipping space on S.S.. Peace, which is scheduled to sail on or about the 20th of May. We shall send you an email as soon as the loading is completed.
Yours faithfully
National Textiles I/E Corp.
貴方三月五日來(lái)函昨日收悉。
據(jù)此，我們立即與廠方聯(lián)系，催促他們趕快交貨。由于交貨任務(wù)繁重，他們不能把交貨日期從六月份提前到四月份。但是他們非常清楚七月份是貴方市場(chǎng)襯衣的銷售季節(jié)，故最終他們同意五月中旬交貨。
我們已訂妥“和平輪”的艙位，預(yù)計(jì)五月二十日左右開航。一旦裝貨完畢，我們即發(fā)電子郵件告知貴方。
國(guó)家紡織品進(jìn)出口公司
Substitution Drills
1 A: May I know when we could expect delivery?
B: We can deliver 50% promptly, that is, in August. And the balance in October.
We can deliver 50% right away. The remaining half in the next two months.
Our earliest time of delivery is October.
能告訴我你們什么時(shí)候可以交貨嗎？
我們可以在八月份交一半貨，其余的十月份交貨。
有一半貨我們可以馬上送貨，剩下的一半后兩個(gè)月交。
我們最早的交貨日期是十月。
2 A: I’m afraid October is the best we can do. October is the earliest possible date of delivery. we can’t promise delivery earlier than October. B: October then.
恐怕 十月是我們能夠做到的最早的了。十月是最早的交貨日期了。我們不能承諾早于十月交貨。那就十月吧。
3 A: Could you deliver 100 tons immediately?
Is it possible to effect shipment immediately?
Do you think you can ship the goods soon?
B: No problem. We can deliver that from stock to meet your requirement.
I’m afraid prompt shipment is impossible.
I’ll have to look into the stock position.
您能即刻運(yùn)輸100噸嗎？
能立即安排裝船嗎？
你認(rèn)為能很快裝船嗎？
沒問題。我們可以交現(xiàn)貨來(lái)滿足你們的要求。
恐怕立即裝船不太可能。
我得仔細(xì)檢查一下存貨的情況。
4 A: Please ship the goods in one lot in May.
B: I’m sorry that’s impossible. It would be very difficult for us to get the goods ready within such a short time.
I’m not sure if we are able to get the necessary shipping space.
We’ll have to contact the manufacturers. Maybe it’s possible. 請(qǐng)?jiān)谖逶路輰⒇浳锓忠慌\(yùn)過來(lái)。
對(duì)不起，那不可能。這么短的時(shí)間把貨物準(zhǔn)備好對(duì)我們來(lái)說很難。
我不敢肯定我們是否能訂到必要的艙位。
我們將得聯(lián)系生產(chǎn)商。也許可以。
5 A: Could you find a way to advance the shipment somehow?
do something to advance the time of delivery?
make the delivery a little earlier?
B: May I suggest
we effect shipment in three equal lots, starting from May?
we spread the goods over three months - May, June and July? partial shipment be allowed?
你能不能想辦法提前裝運(yùn)？
你能想辦法提前交貨嗎？
你能不能早一點(diǎn)交貨？
我可否建議 我們從五月份開始分相等的三批辦理裝運(yùn)？
我們把貨物分五、六、七三個(gè)月交貨？
允許部分裝運(yùn)？
6 A: Our people are most anxious about the October shipment; so far they’ve heard nothing from you.
B: We’re sorry for the delay. The trouble is that
direct sailings to your port are very few.
there is great demand on shipping lately
you changed the port of destination
我方很想知道十月裝船一事，但到現(xiàn)在還沒有聽到你們的任何消 息。
此次拖延我們很抱歉。問題是 直達(dá)你們港口的船只太少了。
最近需要裝運(yùn)的太多了。
你們改變了目的港。
7 A:You know
we must have the goods in time for the Christmas rush.
we must have the goods ready for the shopping season.
the goods have to be here in March. Otherwise we’d be behind the season.
B: I understand. I’ll try my best.
你知道 我們必須在圣誕節(jié)采購(gòu)前及時(shí)供貨。
在購(gòu)貨旺季時(shí)我們必須把貨準(zhǔn)備好。
貨物必須在三月份到位。否則我們就趕不上銷售季節(jié)了。
我理解。我會(huì)盡力的。
8 I don’t think I can promise you any September shipments.
October
June
我想我不能答應(yīng)你 九月 裝運(yùn)。
十月
六月
9 Would you like to have your refrigerator delivered?
furniture
washing machine
你的 電冰箱 要送貨上門嗎？
家具
洗衣機(jī)
10 You will probably get it within 10 days.
in a week
by the end of this month
no later than tomorrow afternoon 也許 十天內(nèi) 你就可以收到。
一周內(nèi)
這個(gè)月底
不遲于明天下午
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