自考英語閱讀題練習及答案解析
導語：The man who has made up his mind to win will never say "impossible ".凡是決心取得勝利的人是從來不說"不可能的"。我認為成功沒有定律,但你可從失敗中學到很多東西。以下是由CN人才網(wǎng)收集整理的自考英語閱讀題練習及答案解析，歡迎閱讀。
Reading Comprehension
Bill Gates' childhood friends recognized that he was exceptional. Bill especially liked swimming and other sports.One of his summer camp friends recalled, “He was never a nerd or a goof(傻瓜、笨蛋)or the kind of kid you didn’t want your team.We all knew Bill was smarter than us. Even back then, when he was nine or ten years old, he talked like an adult and could express himself in ways that none of us understood.”
Bill was also well ahead of his classmates in mathematics and science. He needed to go to a school that challenged(向…挑戰(zhàn))him.Lakeside was Seattle's best school and was noted for its rigorous(嚴厲的)academic demands, a place where “even the dumb kids were smart.”
Lakeside allowed students to pursue their own interests, to whatever extent they wished.The school prided itself on making conditions and facilities available that would enable all its students to reach their full potential. It was the ideal environment for someone like Bill Gates.
In 1968, the school made a decision that would change thirteen-year-old Bill Gates’ life and that of many of others, too.
At Lakeside the students gained access to a computer-a Program Data processor(PDP)-through a teletype machine. Type in a few instructions on the teletype machine and a few seconds later the PDP would type back its response. Bill Gates was immediately hooked and so was his best friend at the time, Kent Evans, and another student, Paul Allen, who was two years older than Bill.
Whenever they had free time, and sometimes when they didn't, they would dash over to the computer room to use the machine.At fourteen, Bill was already writing short programs for the computer to perform. Early games programs such as Tic-Tac-Toe, or Noughts and Crosses, and Lunar Landing were written in what was to become Bill’s second language, BASIC.
One of the reasons Bill was so good at programming is because it is mathematical and logical. During his time at Lakeside, Bill scored a perfect eight hundred on a mathematics test.
21. The first paragraph tells us that little Bill Gates ______.
A.was different from other children
B.had a smarter mind than other children of the same age
C.couldn't be understood by his friends and even his parents
D.was difficult of approach
答案：B
[解析]此題是細節(jié)題。根據(jù)文章第一段He was never a nerd or a goof or the kind of kid you didn’t want your team. We all knew Bill was smarter than us. 此句意思是：他從來不是笨蛋或傻瓜，也不是那種你不想與之游玩的人。大家都清楚比爾比我們都聰明。選項A沒有說明他確切的不同之處，其它兩個選項均不符合原文內(nèi)容。
22.Bill Gates chose Lakeside to go to NOT because______.
A.it had excellent education in Seattle
B.it had an exceptional concept that was to develop students' potential as much as possible
C.it provided conditions and equipment necessary for students
D.it had decided to admit him
答案： D
[解析]此題是細節(jié)題。根據(jù)文章第二、三段我們可以知道Lakeside湖濱學校以它嚴厲的學術要求而著稱，另外還允許學生發(fā)展自己的興趣，最大限度地挖掘學生的潛力。Bill was also well ahead of his classmates in mathematics and science.He needed to go to a school that challenged(向…挑戰(zhàn))him. 此句意思是：比爾在數(shù)學方面也領先于其他同學，他需要上一所具有挑戰(zhàn)性的學校。從該句我們可判斷D不對，正是他的優(yōu)秀,學校才決定錄取他。
23. It can be inferred from the passage that ______.
A.Lakeside was a milestone in the course of Bill Gates' success
B.Bill pursued his interest in mathematics at Lakeside
C.Bill began to do programming like some early games known
D.Bill's success is due to his mathematical and logical mind
答案：A
[解析]從inferred一詞得知此題是推理題，該題型首先排除文章原文字面提到的內(nèi)容。我們可根據(jù)全文推理出湖濱學校在比爾·蓋茨的成功過程中是一個里程碑(舉足輕重)，另外In 1968, the school made a decision that would change thirteen-year-old Bill Gates’life and that of many of others, too.也可說明正是湖濱學校的這一決定改變了十三歲的比爾·蓋茨的生活，故應選A。
24.The word “hooked” most probably refers to ______.
A.dependant
B.caught by a curved thing
C.having a great liking for
D.curving
答案：C
[解析]此題是語義題。主要測試考生通過上下文理解詞語的綜合判斷能力，備選答案中三個干擾項從不同角度對該詞進行似是而非的改寫。hook作為名詞表示“(釣)鉤”,作動詞表“用鉤鉤住”，從下文Whenever they had free time, and sometimes when they didn’t, they would dash over to the computer room to use the machine可猜出hooked指的是“著迷的”。故C對。
Reading Comprehension
From the earliest times there are records of dolphins(海豚) helping and caring for men. Although they can even kill sharks, they have never been known to attack a human being,rather they have helped men in difficulty on the sea. Dolphins' brains are 30 percent larger than those of people, and are equally complex. During experiments dolphins have learnt to perform tasks that require logical reasoning, so their intelligence is unquestionable.Furthermore, fossil evidence reveals that they have had their larger brains for thirty million years, compared to around a million years for man.
The dolphin ancestors lived upon the land, and dolphins are mammals(哺乳動物) like us, they feed their babies on milk, and breathe air like us. They appear to care for each other, for example if a dolphin is ill, its companions will help it up to the air so that it can breathe. The sounds they make also appear to be some kind of communication.
It seems that we have discovered an animal that may be close to us in intelligence, and furthermore one that is friendly, co-operative,and which has emotions similar to our own. How do we treat these animals? So far man has killed six million dolphins, and every year tens of thousands more are killed.
25. Which of the following statements best expresses the main idea of the passage?
A.Dolphins are human beings' best friends.www.Examw.com
B.Dolphins have larger brains than that of human beings.
C.Dolphins are as clever as human beings.
D.Dolphins are quite close to human beings in many ways.
答案： D
[解析]此題是要旨題，提問的是文章的中心大意。就自學考試而言，文章或段落的主旨通常以主題句的形式出現(xiàn)。那么如何辨別主題句呢?文章的主題句一般是文章的第一句，但有時也出現(xiàn)在文章的中部或甚至文章尾部。本篇文章的主題句即出現(xiàn)在第三自然段的開頭。在這篇文章中，作者在第一自然段中談到了海豚的智力跟人類的十分相似，在第二自然段中又談到海豚的生活方式跟人類的也有很多相似之處。故D是正確答案。
26.We can learn from the first paragraph that ______ ?
A.Dolphins have smaller brains than that of men.
B.Dolphins have had their intelligence not as long as men.
C.Dolphins have had their intelligence thirty times as long as men.
D.Dolphins are much more clever than men.
答案：C
[解析]這是一個細節(jié)理解題，考的是第一自然段中的一個細節(jié)。第一自然段的前部分講到“Dolphins’brains are 30 percent larger than those of people, and are equally complex.”(海豚的大腦比人類的大30%，而且跟人類大腦的復雜程度差不多)，故A)，D)均不正確。第一段最后一句話講到“fossil(化石)evidence reveals that they have had their larger brains for thirty million years, compared to around a million years for man.”(從海豚的化石證據(jù)顯示，他們擁有這么大型的頭腦已有3千萬年的歷史了，而我們?nèi)祟惖?頭腦只有一百萬年的歷史。)C為正確答案。
27.It can be inferred from the passage that_____.
A.Dolphins' brains are much larger and more complicated than that of men.
B.Dolphins are able to display the ability of reasoning.
C.Dolphins can play music like human beings.
D.Dolphins often held their babies up to breathe fresh air.
答案：B
[解析]從inferred一詞得知此題是推理題。此題的推理依據(jù)是文章第一段，“During experiments dolphins have learnt to perform tasks that require logical reasoning”(在實驗過程中，海豚們學會了做那些需要邏輯推理才能完成的工作)。由此我們可以判斷出，海豚是能夠有推理能力的，故選B。
28.Which of the following is true according to the passage?
A.Though dolphin is a kind of fish, it can breathe air like us.
B.Dolphins often kill sharks for food.
C.Dolphins probably communicate with each other through a kind of sound.
D.Dolphins have formed their own groups and they help only the members in the same group.
答案：C
[解析]這是一個細節(jié)理解題，從第二段的最后一句可以得知“The sounds they make also appear to be some kind of communication.”(他們發(fā)出的聲音似乎就是一種交流的方式)，故應選C。
Reading Comprehension
That “Monday morning feeling” could be a crushing pain in the chest which leaves you sweating and gasping for breathe.Recent research from Germany and Italy shows that heart attacks are more common on Monday mornings and doctors blame the stress of returning to work after the weekend break.
The risk of having a heart attack on any given day should be one in seven, but a six-year study revealed that the average person had a 20 per cent higher chance of having a heart attack on a Monday than on any other day.Working Germans are particularly vulnerable(敏感的，脆弱的), with a 33 percent higher risk at the beginning of the working week. Non-workers, by comparison, appear to be no more at risk on a Monday than any other day. Another study of 11,000 Italians identified 8 am. on a Monday morning as the most stressful time for the heart. and both studies showed that Sunday is the least stressful day, with fewer heart attacks in both countries. The research also indicates that the Monday morning peak seems to be consistent from northern Germany to southern Italy in spite of the differences in diet and lifestyle.
The findings could lead to a better understanding of what triggers(觸發(fā)，激起)heart attacks, according to Dr. Stefan Willich. “We know a lot about long-term risk factors such as smoking and cholesterol(膽固醇)but we don’t know what actually triggers heart attacks, so we can't make specific recommendations about how to prevent them,” he said.However, he suggests that anyone who suffers from heart disease should take it easy on Monday mornings and leave potentially stressful meetings until midweek.
29. What is the main idea of the passage?
A.Monday morning is always painful.中華考試網(wǎng)
B.Monday morning triggers heart attack.
C.There are more heart attacks on Monday mornings.
D.There is more stress on Monday mornings.
答案：C
[解析]此題是要旨題，提問的是文章的中心大意。要旨題的目的在于考查學生對文章中心思想的理解程度和區(qū)別主要信息和次要信息的能力。要旨是一篇文章的核心，是作者寫作意圖的體現(xiàn)，其表現(xiàn)形式因體裁不同而不同。就自學考試而言，文章的要旨通常以主題句的形式出現(xiàn)，并且文章的主題句通常出現(xiàn)在文章的開頭部分。本文就屬此類文章。本文的主題句出現(xiàn)在第一段第二句話，故C是正確答案。
30.Who are more likely to have heart attacks on Monday mornings according to the study?
A.researchers
B.Italians
C.non-workers
D.working Germans
答案：D
[解析]這是一個細節(jié)理解題，答案可以從文中第二段直接找到。作者在第二段中具體介紹了研究的結果。研究的對象是德國人和意大利人，研究表明，工作的德國人在周一心臟病的發(fā)作機率是最高的，不工作的德國人周一和平時沒有什么不同;對意大利人的研究指出周一早上八點是最危險的時間點。由此可知，D為正確答案。
31.Which of the following is true according to the passage?
A.The risk of having heart attacks on Monday mornings is the same as on any other day of the week to non-workers
B.33% of the Germans have heart diseases, therefore heart attacks are more common in Germany than in any other country.
C.20%of the Italians appear to have higher possibility of having heart attacks.
D.Non-smokers are more likely to have heart attacks on Sundays.
答案：A
[解析]這是一個細節(jié)判斷題，此題依據(jù)是第二段中的一句話“Non-workers,by comparison, appear to be no more at risk on a Monday than any other day.”，此句意思是：比較而言，對不工作的人來說，周一不比其它日子更危險。
32.What can be inferred from the study?
A.The study shows that Monday mornings are usually more stressful than any other day of the week.考試用書
B.The findings indicate that it is the Monday morning stress that triggers the heart attack.
C.The study shows that diet and lifestyle would not affect the height of heart attacks on Monday mornings.
D.The findings indicate that the number of heart attacks on Monday mornings is different in different countries.
答案：C
[解析]從inferred一詞得知此題是推理題，這種題型需借助于原文已知信息進行推理。此題的推理依據(jù)是文章第二段最后一句話：“…the Monday morning peak seems to be consistent from northern Germany to southern Italy in spite of the differences in diet and lifestyle.”(盡管飲食和生活方式不一樣，周一的心臟病高峰看起來從德國北部到意大利南部是一樣的。)據(jù)此可推理出，應選C。
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