成人高考英語閱讀理解解題方法推薦
在成人高考的考場中遇到英語閱讀理解的時候，應(yīng)該怎么做?下面小編給大家整理的成人高考英語閱讀理解解題方法，供大家參閱!
Example：
I am not so nave，however，as to believe that is responsible for this unfortunate situation of the American woman. I am not a feminist，but I am an individualist.I do not believe there is any important difference between men and women.certainly not as much as there may be between one woman and another or one man and an-other.There are plenty of women and men，for that matter who would be completely fulfilled in being allowed to be as lazy as possible.If someone will ensconce them in a pleasant home and pay their bills，they ask no more of life. It is quite all right for these men and women to live thus so long as fools can be found who will pay so much for nothing much in return.Gigolos，male and female，are to be found in every class and in the best of homes.But when a man does not want to be a gigolo，he has the freedom to go out and work and create as well as he can.But a woman has not.Even if her individual husband lets her，tradition in society is against her.In this passage the author looks on the situation of women with an attitude of.
A)amusement
B)indifference
C)disapproval
D)condemnation
此篇文章中，作者對待這一問題的態(tài)度十分明確、強(qiáng)硬(如用語I am not 等等)，因此只參在選項(xiàng)C)和D)中選擇。而從文章中的“gigolos”，"fools"等詞可看出作者不僅不贊成而且態(tài)度更甚。所以，選項(xiàng)C)程度還不夠，這一題的正確答案是D)
關(guān)于詞匯問題(Vocabulary)
詞匯(Vocabulary)是三級閱讀理解測試中非常重要的一項(xiàng)。詞匯類其實(shí)也是就細(xì)節(jié)進(jìn)行提問，所不同的是這是唯一關(guān)于詞或詞組的練習(xí)項(xiàng)目，詞匯題往往要求對文章中的某個單詞、短語甚至句子等找出近義詞或最合適的解釋。解答這類題需要學(xué)生擁有較大的詞匯量。可是，單詞記憶似乎已成為學(xué)生普遍反映最頭痛的難題。閱讀理解中詞匯類問題的常見提問方式有下列幾種：
(1)According to the author，the word“…”means_______.
(2)Which of the following is nearest in meaning to“…”?
(3)The term“……”in paragraph…can be best replaced by…
(4)What's the meaning of“…”in line…of paragraph…
(5)As used in the line…，the word“…”refers to_______.
一般來說，在文章的閱讀中解決釋義的最鄧辦法是猜測詞義。猜測詞義也需要一定的'技巧，可以通過：1)上下文間意義的聯(lián)系;2)同義關(guān)系;反義關(guān)系;3)詞的定義;4)對詞的解釋和舉例;5)構(gòu)詞法知識猜測詞義。
1、利用上下文詞語意義的互相聯(lián)系猜測詞義
Example：
The fishermen make their canoes from tree trunks.They go from island to island in these light marrow boats and collect turtles' eggs.
我們從上下文中可以得出以下信息：“canoes”是一種漁夫用樹木做的、來回于島嶼之間的、輕狹長的、類似于小船之類的東西。盡管我們可能還不能肯定它的確切解釋，但這一生詞已經(jīng)不會影響我們的閱讀和理解了。
關(guān)于細(xì)節(jié)性問題(Suppporting Details)
細(xì)節(jié)性問題是關(guān)于Supporting Details類的問題，通過Skimming找出主題后，應(yīng)進(jìn)一步掌握闡述和發(fā)展主題的主要事實(shí)，或按要求找出特定細(xì)節(jié)。在回答此類問題時，應(yīng)采用查讀法(Scanning)，因?yàn)檫@些具體內(nèi)容(Detai1s)是用來說明、論證或分析文章中心的。這類題目常以“WH-”形式來提問，如who，what，when，where，why及how等形式。這些問題的表達(dá)常不采用文章中的原話提問，而是使用同義詞語等，因此，在選擇答案前應(yīng)首先看準(zhǔn)題于，看清問題所問究竟;然后，在查讀時注意尋找與題目相關(guān)的關(guān)鍵詞語;最后，在充分理解原文、原題的基礎(chǔ)上確定正確答案。
當(dāng)然，這類細(xì)節(jié)性問題所涉及的面是很廣的。有的涉及數(shù)字計(jì)算，如問時間、距離、次數(shù)、數(shù)量等，認(rèn)真計(jì)算后方可選定正確答案;有的涉及正誤判斷，要先看選項(xiàng)，根據(jù)選項(xiàng)提供的線索，尋視文中相應(yīng)部分，最后在題中選出肯定答案;還有的尋問事實(shí)、原因、結(jié)果、目的等。總之，做細(xì)節(jié)題切忌通過自己對某類知識的主觀了解和認(rèn)識做出想像判斷，一定要緊扣文章內(nèi)容，不可隨心所欲。
細(xì)節(jié)類問題的命題方式有以下幾種：
(1)Which of the following is NOT true according to the information in the passage?
(2)Which of the following is mentioned in the passage?
(3)What is the example of...as described in the passage?
(4)The author mentions all of the following except...
(5)The reason for...is...
(6)The author states that...
(7)According to the passage，when(where，why，how，who，etc.)……
Example：
Just seven years ago，the Jarvik-7 artificial heart was being cheered as the model of human creativeness.The sight of Barney Clark-alive and conscious after trading his diseased heart for met-al-and-plastic pump -convinced the press，the public and many doctors that the future had arrived.It hadn't.After monitoring production of the Jarvik-7，and reviewing its effects on the 150 or so patients(most of whom got the device as a temporary measure)the U.S. Food and Drug Administration concluded that the machine was doing more to endanger lives than to save them.Last week the agency cancelled its earlier approval，effectively banning(禁止)the device.
The recall may hurt Symbion Inc，maker of the Jarvik-7，but it won't end the request for an artificial heart.One problem with the banned model is that the tubes connecting it to an external power source created a passage infection.Inventors are now working on new devices that would be fully placed，along with a tiny power pack，in the patient's chest.The first sample products aren't expected for another 10 or 20 years.But some people are already worrying that they'11 work- and that America's overextended healthcare programs Will lose a precious $ 2.5 billion to $ 5 billion a year providing them for a relatively few dying patients. If such expenditures(開支)cut into funding for more basic care，the net effect could actually be a decline in the nation’s health. According to the passage the Jarvik-7 artificial heart proved to be________.
A)a technical failure
B)a technical wonder
C)a good life-saver
D)an effective means to treat heart disease
本題是考核學(xué)生根據(jù)止下文全面理解和進(jìn)行正確判斷的能力，問的是本文論述的Jarvik-7人造心臟性能和效果到底如何。文章一開頭說Jarvik-7是一大技術(shù)成就，但文章說到：…the U.S. Food and Drug Administration concluded that the machine was doing more to endanger lives than to save them(Line -7-9)。后面又提到：Last week the agency canceled its earlier approval，effectively banning the device.這兩句話提供了這個問題的答案。因此，答案：
The new models of artificial hearts are expected_______.
A)to have a working life of 10 or 20 years
B)to be set fully in the patient's chest
C)to be equipped with an external power source
D)to create a new passage for infection
本題是考核正確理解事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)的能力。選項(xiàng)已的意思與文章中第二段第三句，即“Inventors are now working…in the patient's chest.”的意思符合，因此選項(xiàng)B)是答案。
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