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考研英語(yǔ)閱讀材料
研英語(yǔ)閱讀的文章很多都是來(lái)自英美比較權(quán)威的報(bào)刊雜志。所以，同學(xué)們?cè)趶?fù)習(xí)考研英語(yǔ)閱讀時(shí)，可以讀一些來(lái)自英美報(bào)刊雜志的內(nèi)容。以下是小編整理的考研英語(yǔ)閱讀材料，歡迎閱讀。
考研英語(yǔ)閱讀材料1
Insect Brain System Knows What You Want
昆蟲(chóng)大腦知你所需?
The goal for a lot of tech companies today: figure out what you, their customer, want next, before you even ask. It’s driven by something called similarity search.
今天，有許多科技公司在追求這樣的目標(biāo)：弄清楚你，他們的消費(fèi)者，接下來(lái)想要的，甚至這一切發(fā)生在你提出要求之前。這種目標(biāo)背后的驅(qū)動(dòng)力被稱(chēng)作類(lèi)似搜索。
"If you go to Y*Tube and you watch a video they’re going to suggest similar videos to the one you’re watching. That’s similarity search. If you go to Amazon and look for similar products to the one you’re going to buy, that’s similarity search."
“如果你上Y*Tube看一個(gè)視頻的話，接下來(lái)它們會(huì)推薦你更多類(lèi)似視頻。這就是類(lèi)似搜索。如果你上亞馬遜找一樣你要買(mǎi)的類(lèi)似產(chǎn)品，那么這種情況就是類(lèi)似搜索�！�
Saket Navlakha, a computer scientist at the Salk Institute. He says we do similarity searches too, for example, when we scan faces in a crowd for the one we know. And even fruit files do a version, related to smell:
薩克生物研究學(xué)院電腦科學(xué)家，Saket Navlakha說(shuō)，我們也做類(lèi)似搜索，例如說(shuō)，你可以在人群中，掃描這些人的臉面找到你所認(rèn)識(shí)的那個(gè)人。甚至是水果也有一個(gè)版本，它與氣味相關(guān)：
"So the fly is having to solve a similar problem, of kind of searching through its database of previous experiences and previous odors it has smelled, to determine what should be the most appropriate behavioral response to that odor."
“因此，蠅子就面臨著解開(kāi)一個(gè)類(lèi)似的難題，類(lèi)似這樣的搜索，即通過(guò)自身先前的經(jīng)歷和已經(jīng)聞過(guò)的氣味來(lái)決定什么應(yīng)該是對(duì)那種氣味的最符合的行為反應(yīng)。”
But flies tag incoming odors differently from the way modern search algorithms parse similarity. A small group of neurons makes an initial evaluation of the smell. Then a much larger set of neurons is activated to make a final decision about the smell. Rather than the way a computer similarity search does it, taking something with many dimensions, and simplifying it down to a few.
但是，蠅子對(duì)聞過(guò)的`氣味做出的標(biāo)記非同于現(xiàn)代研究算法解析類(lèi)似的方式。一小組神經(jīng)造成了這種氣味的最初評(píng)判。然后，有更多數(shù)量的神經(jīng)被激活，最終對(duì)這種氣味做出判定。而并非像電腦類(lèi)似搜索的做法，將一些東西分成諸多維度，再精簡(jiǎn)到幾個(gè)。
So Navlakha and his colleagues tweaked computer similarity search functions to do it fly style. And then pitted the fly-inspired algorithms against conventional ones. And the biologically inspired code won out, better at telling ’like’ from ’unlike’ on an image-similarity test.
因此，Navlakha和他的同事們按照蠅子的方式對(duì)電腦搜索功能進(jìn)行了輕微調(diào)整。然后針對(duì)傳統(tǒng)的方式，對(duì)受蠅子啟發(fā)的算法進(jìn)行標(biāo)點(diǎn)處理。在一場(chǎng)類(lèi)似相片的辨別 ‘相似’與‘非相似’的測(cè)試中，這種受生物啟發(fā)的編碼方式勝出且表現(xiàn)更好。
"You know evolution figured it out, it figured out a very elegant solution to this very important problem." The report is in the journal Science.
刊登在《科學(xué)雜志》上的文章這樣寫(xiě)道：“進(jìn)化使它把東西分辨清楚，它對(duì)這個(gè)重要的難題指明了一條優(yōu)雅的解決途徑。”
Navlakha says he and his team are looking to partner with tech companies now, in hopes of endowing machines with the time-tested problem-solving abilities of the brain. Even if it’s a fruit fly brain.
Navlakha稱(chēng)他和他的團(tuán)隊(duì)現(xiàn)在正在與多家科技公司尋求合作，希望他們能提供一些具有大腦所具備的測(cè)試時(shí)間及解決難題能力的儀器。即使是這樣一個(gè)果蠅的大腦也可以。
考研英語(yǔ)閱讀材料2
China’s Singles’ Day tops US$1.5bil in first three minutes
中國(guó)“雙十一”成交額三分鐘破15億美元
It’s a shopping spree of epic proportions and all it took was three minutes for the numbers on this screen to reach 10 billion yuan.
這是一場(chǎng)史無(wú)前例的購(gòu)物狂歡，只用了三分鐘，屏幕上的'成交額就達(dá)到了100億元人民幣。
That’s the equivalent of more than 1.5 billion dollars and it’s just the beginning forsales and Alibaba’s Singles Day, an annual online discount sales gala that’sbecome the world’s biggest spender-thon.
總計(jì)相當(dāng)于15多億美元。而這只是消費(fèi)的開(kāi)始。天貓“雙十一”購(gòu)物狂歡節(jié)是阿里巴巴集團(tuán)一年一度的線上促銷(xiāo)盛典，現(xiàn)已成為全世界最為盛大的買(mǎi)手節(jié)。
Once a celebration for China’s Lonely Hearts, Singles day has become a 24-hourextravaganza that outsells Black Friday and Cyber Monday US sales combined.
“雙十一”曾被中國(guó)單身青年叫做“光棍節(jié)”，如今這場(chǎng)歷時(shí)24小時(shí)的火爆網(wǎng)購(gòu)，其成交記錄已經(jīng)超過(guò)美國(guó)“黑色星期五”和“網(wǎng)絡(luò)星期一”兩大促銷(xiāo)日的銷(xiāo)售額總和。
The event has shoppers around China scouting for bargains while delivery men and robots brace foran estimated 1.5 billion parcels expected over the next few days.
活動(dòng)激動(dòng)人心，吸引全中國(guó)的顧客搜羅特價(jià)商品，快遞員和快遞機(jī)器人預(yù)期要在未來(lái)幾天派送 15億件包裹。
Alibaba says the rise in China’s middle class consumers is driving the sales and theoverall total is likely to top last year’s, something analysts and investors will be watching closely in the coming hours.
阿里巴巴表示，中國(guó)逐漸擴(kuò)大的中產(chǎn)階級(jí)消費(fèi)群體正在拉動(dòng)銷(xiāo)售，總銷(xiāo)售額可能達(dá)到歷年之最，分析人士和投資者也將會(huì)在接下來(lái)的時(shí)間繼續(xù)密切關(guān)注。
考研英語(yǔ)閱讀材料3
Singles Day gets an international flavor
光棍節(jié)盡顯國(guó)際元素
Internet companies are drumming up business for Singles Day by expanding the selection of international brands to Chinese consumers. Ahead of the shopping festival during this weekend, companies are scrambling to position their products in the online shop window.
“光棍節(jié)”來(lái)臨，各大電商為了招徠顧客，最新上架了好多國(guó)際品牌。在周末購(gòu)物狂歡來(lái)臨前，各大公司紛紛在網(wǎng)店鋪上他們新的產(chǎn)品。
JD.com Inc is planning to use the event as a cornerstone of its 12-day global shopping festival.
京東以“雙11”為開(kāi)端，將開(kāi)展為期12天的全球購(gòu)物狂歡節(jié)。
The second-biggest internet retailer in China will cover more than 200 countries and regions this year, allowing shoppers around the world to enjoy high-quality products from China.
今年，作為中國(guó)第二大網(wǎng)絡(luò)零售商的京東商城服務(wù)范圍將覆蓋全球200個(gè)國(guó)家和地區(qū)，讓世界各地的顧客可以享受中國(guó)高質(zhì)量的產(chǎn)品。
"The United States, Russia and Southeast Asia will be the core markets, and we will offer discounts and coupons, as well as free delivery for consumers in China’s Hong Kong, Macao and Taiwan for the first time," said Yu Guoyou, a manager from JD’s overseas business department.
京東海外業(yè)務(wù)部經(jīng)理于國(guó)有表示“美國(guó)、俄羅斯和東南亞將成為主要銷(xiāo)售市場(chǎng)，我們將首次實(shí)現(xiàn)香港、澳門(mén)和臺(tái)灣的包郵服務(wù)，并將提供代金券和打折服務(wù)”。
Amazon.com Inc has pledged to provide Chinese shoppers with high-quality and authentic products from leading international brands at competitive prices.
亞馬遜將以優(yōu)惠的價(jià)格為中國(guó)顧客提供來(lái)自世界頂尖品牌的貨真價(jià)實(shí)的高質(zhì)量產(chǎn)品。
The United States-based e-commerce company plans to expand its merchandising in the Amazon Global Store, as well as speed up logistics and delivery operations.
美國(guó)的電子商務(wù)網(wǎng)站公司計(jì)劃拓展亞馬遜全球商店的銷(xiāo)售，加快發(fā)展物流和送貨服務(wù)。
Amazon China Prime membership will also be available at just 288 yuan ($43.6) for various benefits, including extra coupon packages.
將來(lái)，只需花288元(43.6美元)就能購(gòu)買(mǎi)亞馬遜中國(guó)黃金會(huì)員，將會(huì)得到各種優(yōu)惠和額外的優(yōu)惠券包。
Prime members can expect to enjoy exclusive deals and quicker delivery services during the upcoming shopping carnival.
在即將到來(lái)的“雙11”購(gòu)物狂歡節(jié)，亞馬遜會(huì)員可以享受額外的待遇和更便捷的送貨服務(wù)。
Similar promises are being made by Alibaba Group Holding Ltd, which launched Singles Day in 2009.
阿里巴巴集團(tuán)也將推出類(lèi)似的服務(wù)，“雙11”購(gòu)物節(jié)就是阿里巴巴公司于2009年發(fā)起的`。
The e-commerce giant revealed that more than 60,000 out of 140,000 participating brands will be international labels, such as Adidas, Estee Lauder and Wyeth.
電商巨頭透露，這次購(gòu)物節(jié)140000個(gè)品牌中，有60000個(gè)品牌是國(guó)際品牌，包括阿迪達(dá)斯、雅詩(shī)蘭黛和惠氏藥業(yè)。
Multinational companies will offer discounted items from authentic, autographed sports memorabilia to fresh foods and produce to half a billion Chinese consumers.
跨國(guó)公司將為5億中國(guó)顧客提供打折商品，其中就包括親筆簽名的體育用品、新鮮食材和產(chǎn)品。
"Double Eleven is not just a holiday for our Chinese users, but a holiday celebrated across the globe," Daniel Zhang, CEO of Alibaba, told the media in Shanghai last month.
上月，阿里巴巴CEO張勇在上海向媒體透露;“‘雙11’不僅僅是中國(guó)用戶的狂歡節(jié)，也是全球的節(jié)日�！�
Last year, on Nov 11, 120.7 billion yuan was spent on the group’s various platforms from 100,000 retail outlets.
去年的11月11號(hào)，各大電商平臺(tái)的100000零售商銷(xiāo)售額達(dá)1207億元人民幣。
To put that into perspective, it was triple the spending power of Black Friday and Cyber Monday combined in the US in 2016.
這樣看來(lái)，這樣的銷(xiāo)售額是2016年美國(guó)“黑色星期五”和“網(wǎng)絡(luò)星期一”的三倍。
This year, Alibaba is expecting the pace of growth in international transactions to be faster than domestic sales.
今年，阿里巴巴預(yù)計(jì)國(guó)際業(yè)務(wù)的增長(zhǎng)量將超過(guò)國(guó)內(nèi)銷(xiāo)售業(yè)務(wù)的增長(zhǎng)。
"Cross-border e-commerce into China will probably play a bigger role this time, although at the end of the day it targets the same group of customers as domestic sales," said Richard McKenzie, a partner at consultancy Oliver Wyman.
惠氏橄欖油的代表理查德.麥肯齊表示：“這次在中國(guó)的跨境銷(xiāo)售將會(huì)效果顯著，盡管?chē)?guó)外的目標(biāo)顧客群體與國(guó)內(nèi)銷(xiāo)售類(lèi)似�！�
More than 81 percent of consumers polled by Nielsen admitted that they wanted to buy imported products during Singles Day.
從尼爾森所做的民意調(diào)查來(lái)看：超過(guò)81%的顧客希望在“光棍節(jié)”購(gòu)買(mǎi)進(jìn)口商品。
The majority were between the ages of 26 to 35 and had more than 20,000 yuan of disposable income per month.
大部分的顧客是年齡在26歲到35歲之間的顧客，他們每月的可支配收入超過(guò)20000元。
Moreover, Alibaba will use the shopping jamboree to promote 100 Chinese brands, including Gree Electric Appliances and Haier Group to markets in China’s Hong Kong and Taiwan, as well as Singapore and Malaysia through its Tmall World shopping site.
與此同時(shí)，阿里巴巴將通過(guò)這次購(gòu)物狂歡推廣100多個(gè)中國(guó)品牌。其中包括拓展格力電器和海爾在中國(guó)香港和中國(guó)臺(tái)灣的市場(chǎng)，還將通過(guò)天貓超市將品牌推廣到新加坡和馬來(lái)西亞。
考研英語(yǔ)閱讀材料4
Swiss zoos are accepting unwanted pet ’donations’ and FEEDING them to tigers and other carnivores
寵物不想養(yǎng)了怎么辦?瑞典人直接送動(dòng)物園喂老虎
Swiss zoos are reportedly accepting unwanted pets which are killed and then fed to large carnivores such as tigers.
據(jù)報(bào)道，瑞士動(dòng)物園接受被拋棄的寵物，將它們殺死后投喂給老虎等大型食肉動(dòng)物。
At the Zurich Zoo, rabbits, guinea pigs and rats are given to the carnivores to eat, according to Swiss local media.
據(jù)瑞士當(dāng)?shù)孛襟w報(bào)道，蘇黎世動(dòng)物園將兔子、天竺鼠、老鼠當(dāng)做肉食動(dòng)物的口糧。
Zoo director Alex Ruebel, who revealed this happens around six times a year, said: ’The guinea pigs or rabbits are killed by a veterinarian, then fed to the tigers, lions and snow leopards.’
動(dòng)物園園長(zhǎng)艾利克斯.魯培爾透露，這種事情每年都會(huì)發(fā)生6次左右，“先由獸醫(yī)將豚鼠或兔子殺死，然后喂給老虎、獅子或雪豹”。
The zoo director also said that mice are given to the zoo’s owls. Other animals such as dogs are however denied by the zoo.
魯培爾還表示，動(dòng)物園會(huì)把老鼠喂給貓頭鷹，但拒絕狗狗等其他動(dòng)物。
According to Ruebel, the pets are not cut up into pieces but are fed in their entirety to the zoo’s carnivores.
據(jù)魯培爾介紹，這些寵物不會(huì)被切碎，而是整只投喂給園內(nèi)的肉食動(dòng)物。
He said: ’The reason for this is that we want to show what is natural. And carnivores eat meat together with the entrails.’
他說(shuō)：“因?yàn)槲覀兿氚凑兆匀坏?方式去做這件事，肉食動(dòng)物們會(huì)將肉和內(nèi)臟一起吃下。”
Ruebel said that some desperate pet owners even smuggle their pet inside the zoo where they release them inside an indoor rain forest.
魯培爾稱(chēng)，一些絕望的寵物主人甚至?xí)䦟⑺麄兊膶櫸锿低祹нM(jìn)園內(nèi)，將它們放進(jìn)室內(nèi)熱帶雨林中。
However, not all Swiss zoos accept pets.
然而，并不是所有的瑞士動(dòng)物園都接受寵物。
Spokesman Valentin Kressler of the Basel Zoo said: ’We do not accept such animals, as we do not know their health status.’
巴塞爾動(dòng)物園的發(fā)言人瓦倫汀.克勒斯來(lái)爾稱(chēng)：“我們不接受這樣的動(dòng)物，因?yàn)槲覀儾磺宄浣】禒顩r。”
Swiss animal protection NGOs are shocked by the number of pets being offered to zoos.
動(dòng)物園接受寵物的數(shù)量讓瑞士民間動(dòng)物保護(hù)組織感到震驚。
Helen Sandmeier of Swiss Animal Protection said: ’It is not possible that one accepts the death of their pet.’
瑞士動(dòng)物保護(hù)組織的海倫.桑德梅爾表示：“一個(gè)人不可能讓自己的寵物去死。”
Sandmeier said that when buying a pet, you automatically take on the responsibility of caring for the animal, which includes giving it a good new place when someone can no longer take care of it.
桑德梅爾稱(chēng)，當(dāng)你購(gòu)買(mǎi)寵物時(shí)，就自動(dòng)承擔(dān)起照顧它的責(zé)任，這其中就包括當(dāng)你不能再照料它時(shí)，再給它找一個(gè)舒適的新家。
Antoine Goetschel, founder of Global Animal Law, also blasted the ’predominant throwaway mentality’ of many pet owners.
《全球動(dòng)物法》奠基人安東尼.哥切爾也炮轟許多寵物主人“不負(fù)責(zé)任的心態(tài)”。
However, both Goetschel and Sandmeier showed some understanding for the zoos.
然而，哥切爾和桑德梅爾都對(duì)動(dòng)物園的做法表示理解。
Goetschel said: ’If they would openly offer the acceptance of pets, they would become a shelter for unwanted pets.’
哥切爾稱(chēng)：“如果動(dòng)物園公開(kāi)接受寵物，它們就會(huì)成為被遺棄寵物的收容所。”
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