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2017年12月大學英語四級翻譯高效試題
試題一、請將下面這段話翻譯成英文:
端午節(jié)
端午節(jié)(Dragon Boat Festival)是中國的傳統(tǒng)節(jié)日之一,為每年農(nóng)歷五月初五。它與春節(jié)、清明節(jié)和中秋節(jié)并稱為中國漢族的四大傳統(tǒng)節(jié)日。端午節(jié)的來源有多種說法,但最被人們接受的是為了紀念著名愛國詩人屈原。這一天的習俗有吃粽子、賽龍舟、喝雄黃酒(realgar wine)等。從2008年起,端午節(jié)正式列入國家法定節(jié)日,這既有助于弘揚傳統(tǒng)文化,又能適應(yīng)人們的需要。
參考翻譯:
Dragon Boat Festival
Dragon Boat Festival is one of Chinese traditionalfestivals. It's on the fifth day of the fifth lunarmonth. It is known as one of the four majortraditional festivals of Han Chinese together withthe Spring Festival, the Qingming Festival and the Mid-Autumn Festival. A number of theoriesexist about its origins, but the best accepted one is that it's for memorizing the famouspatriotic poet Qu Yuan. On this day, people have the customs of eating zongzi(rice dumpling),racing dragon boats and drinking realgar wine, etc. In 2008, it was recognized as a publicholiday in mainland China for the first time which cannot only help spread this traditionalculture but also meet the need of people.
解析
1.農(nóng)歷:即陰歷,“農(nóng)歷五月初五”即可翻譯為on the fifthday of the fifth lunar month。
2.與…并稱為:可以翻譯為 known as...together with...。
3.端午節(jié)的來源有多種說法:不要一看見“有”字,就僅想到there are... “有” 也可以指“存在”,翻譯時要注意合理的選詞及句式的多變。“說法”也可翻譯為theories。
4.粽子:可譯為rice dumpling,也可直接添加拼音標注。
5.法定節(jié)假日:應(yīng)譯為public holiday。為了精確起見,中國的法定節(jié)日可加上地域限制in mainlandChina。
試題二、請將下面這段話翻譯成英文:
中秋節(jié)
每年的農(nóng)歷八月十五為中秋節(jié),是月亮在一年中最圓、最亮的一天。中秋節(jié)的歷史非常悠久。自古以來,歷代皇帝都遵循著春季祭日、秋季祭月的傳統(tǒng)。到唐代,中秋節(jié)開始作為固定節(jié)日;宋朝時,這一節(jié)日更為盛行。至明清,中秋節(jié)已成為一個與春節(jié)、清明節(jié)和端午節(jié)并列的重大節(jié)日。在中秋節(jié)這天,人們會在月下觀賞祭拜,寄托個人情懷。
參考翻譯:
The Mid-Autumn Festival
The Mid-Autumn Festival falls on the 15th day of the8th lunar month, when the moon is the fullest andbrightest of the whole year. This festival has a verylong history. In ancient China, emperors followed thetradition of offering sacrifices to the sun in spring and to the moon in autumn. By the TangDynasty, the Mid-Autumn Festival had been fixed as a holiday, which became even grander inthe Song Dynasty. In the Ming and Qing dynasties, it grew to be a major festival of Chinatogether with the Spring Festival, the Qingming Festival and Dragon Boat Festival. On this day,people enjoy the full, bright moon, worship it and express their thoughts and feelings in themoonlight.
解析
1.最圓:可直譯為roundest,但譯為fullest為最佳,月亮最圓的時候,即為滿月。
2.遵循著…傳統(tǒng):常用follow the tradition來表達。
3.祭:指祭祀,sacrifice不僅有犧牲的意思,還可以表示祭品,因此祭日、 祭月、祭祖都可以用 offer sacrifices tothe sun/moon/ancestor 表達。
4.到唐代,中秋節(jié)…這一節(jié)日更為盛行:這兩句話主語都為“中秋節(jié)”, 故可以用連接詞which將兩句話連接起來,從而避免重復。
5.寄托個人情懷:按照漢語的語義,“寄托”表達的意境比較深刻,翻譯時, 可理解為“表達”,即express; “情懷”可譯為thoughts and feelings。
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