2017年12月大學(xué)英語(yǔ)四級(jí)模擬試題
寫作
Directions: Write a composition entitled On Online Chatting. You should write at least 120 words according to the outline given below in Chinese:
1. 網(wǎng)上聊天越來(lái)越流行;
2. 有人反對(duì)它，有人贊同;
3. 我的'看法。
【作文范文】
On Online Chatting
With the development of IT, online chatting is becoming increasingly popular with many people.
However, people’s opinions about it vary from person to person. Some think that it has more problems than benefits. First, it is a waste of time, energy and money as it doesn’t produce any useful information and products. Second, it is misleading to its users because cyberspace is actually an imaginary space where things are unreal or fictional.
But the advocates of online chatting support it because it is another way of recreation which is both exciting and relaxing. Besides, it helps them release their emotions and worries freely and safely. To them, it is very useful and wonderful.
As far as I am concerned, whether online chatting is good or bad depends on the person who does it.
control we can use it cientifically and properlyandcurbjits bad effect to the greatest extent.
【重點(diǎn)詞匯】
increasingly adv.漸增地 vary v.變化
a waste of ...浪費(fèi)
misleading adj.引入歧途的
cyberspace n.網(wǎng)絡(luò)空間
imaginary space虛構(gòu)的空間
fictional adj.虛幻的，虛構(gòu)的
advocate n.支持者
recreation n.媒:樂(lè),消遣
release v.釋放
so long as 只要
curb v.控制
to the greatest extent 最大限度
閱讀理解
The government-run command post in Tunis is staffed around the clock by military personnel, meteorologists and civilians. On the wall are maps, crisscrossed with brightly colors arrows that painstakingly track the fearsome path of the enemy.
What kind of invader gives rise to such high-level monitoring? Not man, not beast, but the lowly desert locust.(蝗蟲) In recent months, billions of the 3-inch-long winged warriors have descended on Algeria, Libya, Morocco and Tunisia, blackening the sky and eating up crops and vegetation. The insect invasion, the worst in 30 years, is already creating great destruction in the Middle East and is now treating southern Europe. The current crisis began in late 1985 near the Red Sea. Unusually rainy weather moistened the sands of the Sudan, making them ideal breeding grounds for the locust, which lays its eggs in the earth. The insect onslaught threatens to create yet another African famine. Each locust can eat its weight (not quite a tenth of an ounce) in vegetation every 24 hours. A good-size swarm of 50 billion insects eats up 100,000 tons of grass, trees and crops in a single night.
All ﹩150 million may be needed this year. The U.S. has provided two spraying planes and about 50,000 gal. of pesticide. The European Community has donated ﹩3.8 million in aid and the Soviet Union, Canada, Japan and China have provided chemical-spraying aircraft to help wipe out the pests. But relief efforts are hampered by the relative mildness of approved pesticides, which quickly lose their deadly punch and require frequent replications. The most effective locust killer dieldrin has been linked to cancer and is banned by many Western countries and some of the affected African nations. More then 5 million acres have been dusted with locust-killing chemicals; another 5 million will be treated by the end of June.
On May 30, representatives of Tunisia, Algeria, Libya, Morocco and Mauritania will meet in Algiers to discuss tactics to wipe out the ravenous swarms. The move is an important step, but whatever plan is devised, the locust plague promised to get worse before the insects can be brought under control.
1.The main idea of the first sentence in the passage is that __
A.the command post is stationed with people all the time.
B.the command post is crowed with people all the time.
C.there are clocks around the command post.
D.the clock in the command post is taken care of by the staff.
2.The favorable breeding ground for the locust is ___.
A.rich soil.
B.wet land
C.paces covered crops and vegetation
D.the Red Sea
3.People are alert at the threat of the locust because ___.
A.the insects are likely to create another African famine.
B.the insects may blacked the sky.
C.the number of the insects increases drastically.
D.the insects are gathering and moving in great speed.
4.Which of the following is true?
A.Once the pesticides are used, locust will die immediately.
B.Relief efforts are proved most fruitful due to the effectiveness of certain pesticides.
C.Dieldrin, the most effective locust killer, has been widely accepted in many countries.
D.Over 10 million acres of affected area will have been treated with locust-killing chemicals by the end of June.
5.The purpose for affected nations to meet in Algiers on May 30 is ___.
A.to devise antilocust plans.
B.to wipe out the swarms in two years.
C.to call out for additional financial aid from other nations.
D.to bring the insects under control before the plague gets worse.
答案：BBADA
Improbable as it may seem, an increasing number of Germans are giving up their elegant Mercedeses, sleek BMWs and ferociously fast Porsches and getting behind the wheels of imported American models – fro plush Cadillacs to more prosaic Fords. Unlike the cars produced by Detroit’s European subsidiaries, these cars are as American as apple pie and watery beer. And thanks to a favorable exchange rate, they are more affordable than ever Last year Germans bought 12 477 new U.S. –built cars; sales are expected to double this year.
Like blue jeans, this buy – America fad appeals to Germans from all walks of life. Once regarded as faulty, flashy, gas – guzzling Goliaths, American autos are – thanks in large measure to foreign competition –more stylish and reliable than in years past. Tugged, off- road vehicles like the four-wheel drive Jeep Cherokee are now the hot wheels to drive among Germany’s thirty- something set. Owners and Aficionados of American – made care also boast their cars are cheaper to maintain.
But that’s not the main reason German motorists are choosing U.S. imports – It’s their price. Even after the cost of overseas shipping is included, American – made cars offer more value – and deluxe features – for less money than German models. A Chrysler LeBaron convertible sells for 35 000 marks; a BMW 320i convertible, by comparison, commands 10 000 marks more. And U.S. autos come with standard equipment – electric windows, automatic locks and sun roofs – that’s available only as expensive options on German models.
Owning an American car in Germany is not for everybody. But the worst headaches come form the German bureaucracy. Johann Erben, a Greiburg dental lab technician, purchased a LeBaron convertible during a U.S. trip in November – and has yet to drive it one kilometer. First, he waited months for the proper registration documents to arrive; then he spent more than 1 000 marks to have it comply with German regulations. Even so, safety inspectors refused to approve it until he changed the headlights and windows to European Community standards. “There I was with my supermodern, $ 20,000 car and unable to get it through inspection,” Erben recalled.
1.Detroit’s European subsidiaries _______.
A.produce the same models as Detroit supplies in the U.S. market
B.provide cars of European styles
C.produce cars that are thought to be un-American by Germans
D.could hardly meet the demand for American cars last year
2.The buy-American fad that appeals to Germans most seems to be _______.
A.blue jeans B.apple pie
C.U.S.-made cars D.watery beer
3.As for Germans, American cars not only are cheaper but __
A.endures wear and tear
B.are adaptable to road conditions
C.provides greater space D.offers more deluxe features
4.Which of the following statements is true?
A.American cars used to consume a lot of oil.
B.Japanese cars still lead the German market.
C.The U.S. motor industry is now confident to cope with recession.
D.German cars are going to provide the same standard equipment as American-made cars.
5.European Community standards probably are _______.
A.a law to control the amount of imported goods from other continents
B.a set of standards to inspect imported cars
C.a system to regulate measures of manufactured goods
D.a set of standards to control product quality
答案：CADAC
For four lonely years, Evelyn Jones of Rockford, Illinois, lived friendless and forgotten in one room of a cheap hotel. “I wasn’t sick, but I was acting sick,” the 78-year-old widow says. “Every day was the same—I would just lie on my bed and maybe cook up some soup.” Then, six months ago, she was invited to “The Brighter Side”—Rockford’s day care center for the elderly. Every weekday morning since then, she has left her home to meet nine other old people in a church for a rich program of charity work, trips, games, and—most important of all—friendly companionship.
Just a few years ago, there were few choices for the elderly between a normal life in their own homes and being totally confined in nursing homes. Many of them were sent to rest homes long before they needed full-time care. Others like Mrs. Jones, were left to take care of themselves. But in 1971, the White House Conference on Aging called for the development of alternatives to care in nursing homes for old people, and since then, government-supported day-care programs like The Brighter Side have been developed in most big American cities.
“This represents a real alternative to the feared institution and makes old people believe they have not left the world of living,” says Alice Brophy, 64, director of New York City’s Office for the Aging. “They do well at the centers, and I hate it when people describe us as elderly playpens.” New York’s 138 centers encourage continuing contact for the aged with the community’s life. The centers serve more than 15,000 members, and volunteer workers are always looking for new ones. If someone doesn’t show up at the center for several days in a row, a worker at the center calls to make sure all is well. And although participation in the center is free, those who want to can pay for their lunches.
No normal studies have been made of these centers for the elderly, but government officials are enthusiastic. In the future, the Public Health Service will do a study to decide if the programs can receive federal Medicare money. And the old people themselves are very happy with the programs. “There is no way,” says Evelyn Jones, smiling at her new companions at the Brighter Side, “that I will ever go back to spending my day with all those loses at the hotel.”
1.What is the main idea of the article?
A.Day care centers may be able to receive federal Medicare money.
B.Day care centers can make life better for elderly people.
C.Many old people in the United States are lonely.
D.Old people have no place in their society.
2.According to Para 2, why did many old people have to go to nursing homes?
A.They need full-time care. B.They wanted to go there.
C.They were sent there.
D.They were volunteers there.
3.According to Alice Brophy (in Paragraph 3)___.
A.the centers are like elderly playpens.
B.the old people do well at the day care centers.
C.old people like nursing institutions.
D.outside the Brighter side they don’t work for the old.
4.“This represents a real alternative to the feared institution.” (in Paragraph 3) In the sentence “this” means ___.
A.most big American cities.
B.rest homes.
C.day care programs.
D.the White House Conference on aging.
5.How does the writer of the article seem to feel about day care centers for the elderly?
A.The writer approves of them.
B.The writer disapproves of them.
C.The writer thinks nursing homes are better.
D.He doesn’t say anything about it.
答案：BCBCA
Fresh water life itself, has never come easy in the Middle East. Ever since the Old Testament(舊約圣經(jīng)) God punished man with 40 days and 40 nights of rain, water supplies here have been dwindling. The rainfall only comes in winter, Inshallah ----- Good willing –and drains quickly through the semiarid land, leaving the soil to bake and to thirst for next November.
The region’s accelerating population, expanding agriculture, industrialization, and higher living standards demand more fresh water. Drought and pollution limit its availability. War and mismanagement squander it. Says Joyce Starr of the Global Water Summit Initiative, based in Washington, D.C.” Nations like Israel and Jordan are swiftly sliding into that zone where they are suing all the water resources available to them. They have only 15 to 20 years left before their agriculture, and ultimately their food security, is threatened.”
I came here to examine this crisis in the making, to investigate fears that “water wars “are imminent, that water has replaced oil as the region’s most contentious commodity. For more than two months I traveled through three river valleys and seven nations -----from southern Turkey down the Euphrates River Syria, Iraq, and on to Kuwait; to Israel and Jordan, neighbors across the valley of the Jordan; to the timeless Egyptian Nile. Even amid the scarcity there are haves and have – notes. Compared with the United States, which in 1990 had a freshwater potential of 10000 cubic meters(2.6 million galloons) a year for each citizen, Iraq had 5 500, Turkey had 4 000, and Syria had more than 2 800. Egypt’s potential was only 1 100. Israel had 460, Jordan a meager 260. But these are not firm figures, because upstream use of river water can dramatically alter the potential downstream.
Scarcity is only one element of the crisis. Inefficiency is another, as is the reluctance of some water – poor nations to change priorities from agriculture to less water – intensive enterprises. Some experts suggest that if nations would share both water technology and resources, they could satisfy the region’s population, currently 159 million. But in this patchwork of ethnic and religious rivalries, water seldom stands alone as an issue. It is entangled in the politics that keep people from trusting and seeking help from one another. Here, where water, like truth, is precious, each nation tends to find its own water and supply its own truth.
As Israeli hydrology professor Uri Shamir told me :” If there is political will for peace, water will not be a hindrance. If you want reasons to fight, water will not e a hindrance. If you want reasons to fight, water will give you ample opportunities.”
1.Why “for next November” (para.1)? Because________.
A.according to the Ole Testament fresh water is available only in November
B.rainfall comes only in winter starting form November
C.running water systems will not be ready until next November
D.it is a custom in that region that irrigation to crops is done only in November
2.What is the cause for the imminent water war?
A.Lack of water resources B.Lack of rainfall
C.Inefficient use of water D.All the above
3.One way for the region to use water efficiently is to _______
A.develop other enterprises that cost less water
B.draw a plan of irrigation for the various nations
C.import water from water – rich nations
D.stop wars of any sort for good and all
4.Uri Shamir’s viewpoint is that ________.
A.nations in that region are just fighting for water
B.people there are thirsty for peace instead of water
C.water is no problem as long as there is peace
D.those nations have every reason to fight for water
5.The author’s tone in the article can be described as ______-.
A.depressing B.urgent C.joking D.mocking
答案：BDACB
完形填空
Most people have no idea of the hard work and worry that gosintosthe collecting of those fascinating birds and animals that they pay to see in the zoo.One of the questions that is always asked of me is 1 I became an animal collector in the first 2 .The answer is that I have always been interested in animals and zoos.According to my parents, the first word I was able to say with any 3 was not the conventional “mamma” or “daddy”,4 the word “zoo”, which I would 5 over and over again with a shrill 6 until someone, insgroupsto 7 me up, would take me to the zoo.When I 8 a little older, we lived in Greece and I had a great 9 of pets, ranging from owls to seahorses, and I spent all my spare time 10 the countryside in search of fresh specimens to 11 to my collection of pets.12 on I went for a year to the City Zoo, as a student 13 , to get experience of the large animals, such as lions, bears, bison and ostriches,14 were not easy to keep at home.When I left, I 15 had enough money of my own to be able to 16 my first trip and I have been going 17 ever since then.Though a collector's job is not an easy one and is full of 18 ,it is certainly a job which will appeal 19 all those who love animals and 20 .
1. A.how B.where C.when D.whether
2. A.region B.field C.place D.case
3. A.clarity B.emotion C.sentiment D.affection
4. A.except B.but C.except for D.but for
5. A.recite B.recognize C.read D.repeat
6. A.volume B.noise C.voice D.pitch
7. A.close B.shut C.stop D.comfort
8. A.grew B.was growing C.grow D.grown
9. A.many B.amount C.number D.supply
10. A.living B.cultivating C.reclaiming D.exploring
11. A.increase B.include C.add D.enrich
12. A.later B.further C.then D.subsequently
13. A.attendant B.keeper C.member D.aide
14. A.who B.they C.of which D.which
15. A.luckily B.gladly C.nearly D.successfully
16. A.pay B.provide C.allow D.finance
17. A.normally B.regularly C.usually D.often
18. A.expectations B.sorrows C.excitement D.disappointments
19. A.for B.with C.to D.from
20. A.excursion B.travel C.journey D.Trip
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