2015國際護士節(jié)是哪一天？

　　護士節(jié)是哪一天?其實中國很多的節(jié)日都被我們給忽略掉了，不是說讓你每個節(jié)日都要去慶祝，都要放假。

　　2015年5月12日 農(nóng)歷 三月廿四 護士節(jié)

　　Florence was born in 1820sintosa wealthy, English family who were, at the time of her birth living in Florence, Italy. She and her sister had all the advantages that money could provide. This included private tutors and a superb education which was not generally available to girls at that time. Florence excelled in Science and Maths; however there was little opportunity for her to use her knowledge. Women of her position in life were expected to get married and arrange all the domestic affairs that were important to wealthy families. But, Florence had a dream to become a nurse and when her father refused to allow her to train as a nurse, she was so upset that she became very ill. Eventually, her father relented and Florence started on her journey. She volunteered to work in hospitals in France and Germany and even travelled to Egypt to have formal training. Nurses were not considered to be important or valuable in those days and hospitals were generally places that only poor people would go to out of desperation. The standards of hygiene and medicine were very low. Florence began to change all that. In every hospital that she worked in she made sure that everything was clean and that the patients themselves were washed and well nourished.

　　Florence had become well known for all the wonderful improvements that she had made and for the way she had trained other young women to be good nurses. When the British army was fighting in the Crimea against Russia, the soldiers were in desperate need of medical attention. The British commander in the Crimea had heard of Florence and asked her if she would come and help. So Florence collected some of her best nurses and went to the Crimea. Conditions there were terrible. There was no water and no medical equipment. Florence and her team organized a kitchen and a laundry and worked incredibly hard to improve conditions for the injured soldiers. At night she would carry a lamp as she went round the hospital and the soldiers started to call her "the lady with the lamp". They would often kiss her shadow as she passed by. Florence and her team saved thousands of lives and earned the love and admiration of her countrymen and women.

　　In 1860 Florence started the Nightingale Training School. The Nightingale nurses were in demand all over the world. She advised the American President how to look after his soldiers who were injured in the Civil War. She was a guiding influence behind the founding of the International Red Cross. In 1907, she was honoured by the King of England, Edward V11 and given thesgroupsof Merit. She was the first woman to receive this award. She died at the age of 90 on August 10, 1910. Florence could have lived a life of luxury and comfort. She saw a need for someone to help the poor and the sick and she did everything in her power to improve the situation and to make a change. She thought little of her own comfort and she inspired thousands of young women to become nurses.

　　中文版：

　　費勞倫斯·弗洛倫斯·南西格爾生于意大利中部歷史名城佛羅倫薩的一個富有移民家庭，后來隨家遷居英國。她懷有一個崇高的理想，認為生活的真諦在于為人類做出一些有益的事情。做一個好護士，是她生平的.唯一宿愿。1844年，她從英國出發(fā)開始了歐洲大陸的旅行，足跡遍及法、德、比、意等國，對各國的醫(yī)院進行了考察。1850年還到德國一所女護士學(xué)校，接受短期的醫(yī)護訓(xùn)練。她的才智被發(fā)現(xiàn)了，1853年受聘擔任倫敦患病婦女護理會的監(jiān)督。

　　1854到1856年之間，為爭奪巴爾干半島的控制權(quán)，土耳其、英國、法國先后向沙俄宣戰(zhàn)，進行了有名的克里米亞戰(zhàn)爭。一開始，法國陸軍醫(yī)院就有護士護理傷病員;而英國的戰(zhàn)地醫(yī)院管理不善，條件極差，又沒有護士護理傷病員，士兵死亡率高達50%多。弗洛倫斯·南西格爾主動提出申請志愿前往戰(zhàn)地擔任看護工作。在英國政府的邀請下，她率領(lǐng)護士38名抵達前線，在四所戰(zhàn)地醫(yī)院服務(wù)。當時前線有品匱乏，水源不足，衛(wèi)生極差，醫(yī)生還懷有敵意，但她毫不氣餒，竭力排除種種困難，為傷病員解決必需用品和食品，組織士兵家屬協(xié)同工作，增加他們的營養(yǎng)，從而使戰(zhàn)地醫(yī)院面目改觀，在半年左右的時間里，傷病員的死亡率下降到了 2.2%。她的功績頓時傳播四海。士兵們都以親吻她的身影來表示對她的崇高敬意，并一致親切地爾呼她為"提燈女士"。她一時成了英國傳廳式的人物，美國著名詩人朗費羅，還特地寫詩贊頌她的功績。

　　1860年，弗洛倫斯·南西格爾用英國政府獎勵的4400英鎊公眾捐款，在英國圣托馬斯醫(yī)院內(nèi)創(chuàng)建了世界上第一所正規(guī)護士學(xué)校--弗洛倫斯·南西格爾護士學(xué)校。隨后又創(chuàng)辦了助產(chǎn)士及濟貧院護士的培訓(xùn)工作。她對醫(yī)院管理、部隊衛(wèi)生保健、護士教育培訓(xùn)等方面，都做出了卓越的貢獻，被后世譽為現(xiàn)代護理教的奠基人。

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